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1、容易混淆的介词：区别讲解例句表时间的介词at, on, inat表示“在几点几分”（单位最小）；on表示“在具体的某一天或某天上午（下午晚上等）”；in表示“在几天、周、月、年”。I get up at six oclock.It happened on a spring morning.There are seven days in a week.in the morning / evening / afternoon；at noon / night / dawn / sunrise / sunset / lunch / dinner / supper, etc.during, for, i
2、nfor后加一个“表时间段的具体单位（常用复数）”；during强调“持续”或“某活动”期间；in指在一段时间内。She has lived here for six years.He was in Tianjin during the holidays.In those days he was poor.till, untiltill/until构成的短语修饰“持续性动词”，“非持续性动词”要用“否定式”。They waited till/until 10:00.They didnt leave until/till 10:00.after, since“after+时刻或时段”，“以后”，
3、终点时间在过去或将来；而“since+时间点”，“自从以来”，终点在说话的时刻。Shell be back after eight oclock.Shes lived here since 2002.in, after“in+时段”，“以后”，用于将来时；“after+时刻或时段”，“以后”可用于将来时或过去时。Hell leave after 11:00.He left after 11:00.She left after a few hours.Shell be back in half an hour.表空间位置及方向方位的介词at, on, inat指一个“点”或“小地方”；in指一个
4、“地区”或“大地方”空间内；on在某一平面或线上面。They arrived at the village at ten.Your pencil is in the desk.Your pencil is on the desk.on, above, overon“与物体接触”反义词为“beneath”；over“在正上方”反义为“under”；above“在的上方”反义词为“below”。Theres a book on the desk and a pen beneath the book.Theres a lamp over the desk and a bag under the ta
5、ble.Jacks bedroom is above mine on the second floor.over, across, throughacross“表面跨过”；through“从中间或从头至尾穿过”；over“从上空越过”。Hes swimming across the river.They walked through the gate.A plane is flying over the city.He is walking over the bridge.at, beside, by, next to, nearat靠得“最近”；beside“在并排一条线上”；by“在并排一
6、条线上”；next to“在顺序上紧靠旁边”；near 靠得“最远”，不表明确方向或顺序。Lets meet at the school gate.The building beside the library is the shopping center.The boy standing by my side is from Shanghai.Whos sitting next to/beside Mr.Steve?about, round, around.about表示周围是随意的，不规则的；round或around(二者无多大差别)的周围则是较完整的一个圈。Dont leave the
7、toys about the meeting-room.They are sitting round/around the table.to, for, atto “运动的方向，目的地”；for “动身出发的目的地”；at “有意攻击的目标”。Throw it to me.Hell leave for Shanghai.He threw the ball at that boy.up, downup指“往上，往北，大地方，靠拢”；down指“向下，往南，向小地方，往开走”但在一市区，去中心区用down,去郊区等用up。They are going up the hill.They are go
8、ing down river.Im going down town shopping.on, in, toin表“在某地区内”；on表“接壤”；to表“在某地区以外”。Shanghai is in the south of China.Hunan lies on the north of Guangdong.Xichang lies to the south west of Chengdu.between,amongbetween指“两者之间”；among指“在三者以上之间”。Theres a river between the two villages.Theres a small hous
9、e among the trees.besidesexceptexcept forexcept thatbutbut forbesides“除之外还有，”实际不排除；except“除外”表“排除”，不放在句首；except for表整体肯定补充细节，表除去整体中的一部分；except that“除了外”，后接从句；but通常与all, no, every, where, who what及有些它们的合成词连用；but for“要不是”，后面句子常用虚拟语气。I love music besides sports.The house is never used except in winter.
10、The bus is empty except for an old woman.I dont know Peter except that hes an Japanese.Theres nothing but a chair in the room.But for your help,I wouldnt have finished my homework.表原因的介词of forfrom/out offromatof常与fond, proud, tired连用表情绪上的原因；for表奖惩痛苦出名的原因，或内在心里的原因；from/out of“出于某需要，动机，认识”等原因；from还可指自
11、然，直接的原因；at常指感情上的原因。Im proud of having you as a friend.Hes famous for his writing.They are suffering from starvation.She fell ill from drinking unclean water.His mother is angry at his laziness.表方式的介词byon/inwithinthroughby表“用交通工具”或表“发出某动作”；on/in表用某交通工具；with用具体的“工具、材料”或伴随“抽象事物”；in用原料或语言；through通过具体过程，
12、途径，手段，中介。I go to school by bus.I go to school on a bike.I write with a pen.Can you say it in English?You should write in ink(墨水).I learned it through a friend.1.表示地点位置的介词1)at ,in, on, to，forat (1)表示在小地方; (2)表示“在附近，旁边”in (1)表示 在大地方; (2)表示“在范围之内”。on 表示毗邻，接壤，“在上面”。to 表示在范围外，不强调是否接壤；或“到”2)above, over, o
13、n 在上above 指在上方,不强调是否垂直，与 below相对；over指垂直的上方,与under相对,但over与物体有一定的空间，不直接接触。on表示某物体上面并与之接触。The bird is flying above my head.There is a bridge over the river.He put his watch on the desk.3)below, under 在下面under表示在正下方below表示在下，不一定在正下方There is a cat under the table.Please write your name below the line.4
14、)in front frantof, in the front of在前面in front of意思是“在前面”，指甲物在乙物之前，两者互不包括；其反义词是behind（在的后面）。There are some flowers in front of the house.(房子前面有些花卉。)in the front of 意思是“在.的前部”，即甲物在乙物的内部.反义词是at the back of（在范围内的后部）。There is a blackboard in the front of our classroom.我们的教室前边有一块黑板。Our teacher stands in the front of the classroom.我们的老师站在教室前.(老师在教室里)5）beside，behindbeside 表示在旁边behind 表示在后面2.表示时间的介词1)in , on，at 在时in表示较长时间，如世纪、朝代、时代、年、季节、月及一般（非特指）的早、中、晚等。如 in the 20th century, in the 1950s, in 1989, in summer, in January, in the morning, in ones life , in ones thirties等
