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1、第二部分 各章关键术语（中英文对照）第1章统计学( statistics)随机性( randomness)描述统计学( descriptive statistics )推断统计学( inferential statistics )总体(populati on) 母体(pare nt) (pare nt populati on )样本、子样( sample)调查对象总体(respondents population)有限总体(finite population )调查的理论总体( surveys heoretical populatio)n 超总体( super population) 变量(
2、variable)数据( data)原始数据( original data)派生数据( derived data)定类尺度( nominal scale)定类尺度变量( nominal scale level variable )定类尺度数据( nominal scale level data)定序尺度( ordinal scale)定序尺度变量( ordinal scale level variable )定序尺度数据( ordinal scale level data)定距尺度( interval scale)定距尺度变量( interval scale level variable )定
3、距尺度数据( interval scale level data)定比尺度( ratio scale)定比尺度变量( ratio scale level variable )定比尺度数据( ratio scale level data)分类变量(categorical variable) 定性变量、属性变量( qualitative variable ) 数值变量( numerical variable )定量变量、数量变量( quantitative variable ) 绝对数变量 (absolute number level variable )绝对数数据 (absolute numbe
4、r level data)比率变量( ratio level variable ) 比率数据( ratio level data) 实验数据( experimental data)调查数据(survey data)观察数据(observed data)第2章随机性( randomness) 随机现象( random phenomenon) 随机试验( random experiment)事件( event)基本事件( elementary event )复合事件( union of event )必然事件( certain event ) 不可能事件( impossible event ) 基
5、本事件空间( elementary event space) 互不相容事件( mutually exclusive events ) 统计独立( statistical independent ) 统计相依( statistical dependence) 概率( probability ) 古典方法概率( classical method probability ) 相对频数方法概率( relative frequency method probability ) 主观方法概率( subjective method probability ) 几何概率( geometric probabil
6、ity ) 条件概率( conditional probability ) 全概率公式( formula of total probability ) 贝叶斯公式( Bayes formula) 先验概率( prior probability ) 后验概率( posterior probability ) 随机变量( random variable ) 离散型随机变量( discrete type random variable ) 连续型随机变量( continuous type random variable ) 概率分布( probability distribution ) 特征数(
7、characteristic number ) 位置特征数( location characteristic number ) 数学期望( mathematical expectation ) 散布特征数( scatter characteristic number ) 方差( variance) 标准差( standard deviation ) 变异系数( variable coefficient )贝努里分布( Bernoulli distribution ) 二点分布( two-point distribution ) 0-1 分布 zero-one distribution )贝努里
8、试验( Bernoulli trials ) 二项分布( binomial distribution ) 超几何分布( hyper-geometric distribution ) 正态分布( normal distribution ) 正态概率密度函数( normal probability density function ) 正态概率密度曲线( normal probability density curve ) 正态随机变量( normal random variable ) 卡方分布( chi-square distribution )F_分布(F-distribution )t_分
9、布(t-distribution ) 学生”氏 t_分布(Student s t-distributiOn 列联表( contingency table)联合概率分布( joint probability distribution )边缘概率分布( marginal probability distribution ) 条件分布( conditional distribution )协方差( covariance)相关系数( correlation coefficient )第3章统计调查( statistical survey) 数据收集( collection of data ) 统计单位
10、( statistical unit ) 统计个体( statistical individual )社会经济总体(socioeconomic population ) 调查对象总体(respondents population) 有 限总体( finite population )标志( character)标志值( character value)属性标志( attributive character ) 品质标志( qualitative character )数量标志( numerical indication )不变标志( invariant indication )变异( vari
11、ation)调查条目( item of survey )指标( indicator) 统计指标( statistical indicator )总量指标( total amount indicator ) 绝对数( absolute number) 统计单位总量( total amount of statistical unit ) 标志值总量( total amount of indication value )(total amount of character value ) 时期性总量指标( time period total amount indicator ) 流量指标( flow
12、 indicator ) 时点性总量指标( time point total amount indicator ) 存量指标( stock indicator ) 平均指标( average indicator) 平均数( average number) 相对指标( relative indicator ) 相对数( relative number)动态相对指标( dynamic relative indicator ) 发展速度( speed of development) 增长 速度( speed of growth)增长量( growth amount)百分点( percentage p
13、oint) 计划完成相对指标( relative indicator of fulfilling plan ) 比较相对指标( comparison relative indicator ) 结构相对指标( structural relative indicator ) 强度相对指标( intensity relative indicator ) 基期( base period)报告期( given period)分组( classification)( grouping) 统计分组( statistical classification)( statistical grouping) 组(
14、class)( group)分组设计( class divisible design )( group divisible design )互斥性( mutually exclusive )包容性( hold )分组标志( classification character )( grouping character)按 品质标志分组( classification by qualitative character )( grouping by qualitative character)按数量 标志分 组 ( classification by numerical indication )(
15、grouping by numerical indication )离散型分组标志( discrete classification character )( discrete grouping character) 连续型分组标志( continuous classification character )( continuous grouping character ) 单项式分组设计( single-valued class divisible design )( single-valued group divisible design)组距式分组设计( class interval d
16、ivisible design )( group interval divisible design ) 组界( class boundary)( group boundary ) 频数( frequency )( frequency number ) 频率( frequency )组距( class interval )( group interval )组限( class limit )( group limit )下限( lower limit )上限( upper limit )组中值( class mid-value )( group mid-value )开口组(open clasS (open-end clasS (open-end group 开口式分组 (open-en
