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1、2022年考博英语-西安建筑科技大学考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 单选题British Foreign Secretary Francis Pym has cancelled a visit to Riyadh. Reports from London said the Foreign Office played down suggestion of a diplomatic （ ） and said only that the dates of Secretary Pyms trip were not convenient in Riyadh.问题1选项A.raftB.raffleC
2、.riftD.riffle【答案】C【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项raft“筏；救生艇”；B选项raffle“废物，垃圾；抽彩出售”；C选项rift“裂痕；不和”；D选项riffle“浅滩；急流，涟漪”。句意：英国外交大臣弗朗西斯皮姆已取消了去利雅得的访问。来自英国的报道称外交部淡化了一种外交裂痕的暗示，且还称只有外交大臣弗朗西斯皮姆出行的日期在利雅得是不方便的，因此C选项正确。2. 单选题He is believed to have been shot by a rival gang in（ ）for the shooting last week.问题1选项A.revengeB.reserve
3、C.reverseD.remedial【答案】A【解析】考查名词和形容词辨析。A选项revenge“报复；替报仇”；B选项reserve“储备；自然保护区；预备队；储备金”；C选项reverse“背面；相反；倒退”；D选项remedial“治疗的；补救的；矫正的”。句意：据说他是被敌对帮派射杀，为上周的枪击案复仇。由关键词“shooting枪击”可推知“报复”符合语境，因此A选项正确。3. 单选题As there was no road, the travelers （ ）up a rocky slope on their way back.问题1选项A.ranB.hurriedC.scram
4、bledD.crawled【答案】C【解析】考查词组辨析。四个选项均与up搭配，分别是run、hurry、scramble、crawl的过去式。A选项ran up“匆匆制成；积欠；迅速积累；向上跑”；B选项hurried up“（使）赶快”；C选项scrambled up“攀爬；巴结；搅混起来”；D选项crawl up“爬上；爬到”。由本句关键词“a rocky slope”（岩石边坡）可知，旅行者们需要攀爬边坡，才能返回，所以攀爬的意思在此处符合题意。句意：因为没有路，旅行者们在返回的路上攀爬了一个岩石斜坡。因此C选项正确。4. 单选题To many people, a husband an
5、d wife alone do not seem a proper family they need children to enrich the circle, to _family character and to gather the redemptive influence of offspring.问题1选项A.repressB.intimidateC.validateD.confine【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项“repress”意为“抑制；镇压（叛乱等）；约束”；B选项“intimidate”意为“恐吓，威胁；胁迫”；C选项“validate”意为“验证；确认；使生效”
6、；D选项“confine”意为“限制；禁闭；（因疾病、残疾）无法离开（床 、家、轮椅）”。句意：对许多人来说，夫妻二人似乎并不构成一个真正的家庭他们需要孩子来充实他们的小圈子，使家庭特征生效，并从后代那里获得某种救赎的影响。由题干可知，a husband and wife alone do not seem a proper family（夫妻二人似乎并不构成一个真正的家庭）夫妻需要孩子才能构成完整的家庭，所以家庭特征需要有孩子才能生效。因此C选项符合题意。5. 单选题The editor considered the authors analysis in this article to b
7、e penetrating.问题1选项A.extensiveB.profoundC.conclusiveD.valuable【答案】B【解析】考查名词辨析。penetrating“敏锐的；深刻的；透彻的”；A选项extensive“广泛的；大量的；广阔的”；B选项profound“彻底的；意义深远的；深刻的”；C选项conclusive“决定性的；最后的；确定性的”；D选项valuable“有价值的；贵重的；可估价的”。句意：编辑认为作者在这篇文章中的分析很有穿透力。根据句中“the authors analysis in this article作者在这篇文章中的分析”可知 penetrat
8、ing在这里的意思应为“深刻的”，因此B选项正确。6. 不定项选择题Scientists are hoping to eliminate malaria （疟疾）by developing a genetically modified mosquito that cannot transmit the disease. Malaria has long troubled the populations of South America, Africa, and Asia, where mosquito bites infect up to 500 million people a year w
9、ith this serious and sometimes fatal parasitic blood disease. For generations, scientists have been trying to eliminate malaria by developing new drugs and using pesticide （杀虫剂）to wipe out local mosquito populations. But these measures arent working and some scientist, like Greg Lanzaro, say that be
10、cause of drug resistance and population changes, malaria is actually more prevalent now than it was 20 years ago. Lanzaro says he has a better way to stop the spread of malaria: genetically modifying mosquitoes so they are unable to carry the disease.Lanzaro and his colleagues are planning a multi-y
11、ear project to produce malaria-resistant mosquitoes and he thinks they can do it within five years. “We can get foreign into mosquitoes and they go where theyre supposed to go,” Lanzaro says, pointing out that scientists have already succeeded in genetically engineering mosquitoes that cannot transm
12、it malaria to birds and mice. And he says, scientists are quickly making progress on genes that block transmission of the disease to humans as well.The most difficult part scientifically, Lanzaro says, is figuring out how to get the lab-engineered mosquitoes to spread their genes into natural popula
13、tions. After all, he points out; its useless to engineer mosquitoes in the lab that cant transmit malaria when there are millions out in the wild that can. To solve this problem, Lanzaro wants to load up a mobile piece of DMA with the malaria-resistant gene, and then insert it into a group of mosqui
14、to embryos. The malaria-resistant gene would be integrated directly into the mosquitoes DNA, making it impossible for those mosquitoes to transmit the parasite that causes malaria. In this way a small group of lab-raised mosquitoes could be released into the wild, and by interbreeding with wild mosq
15、uitoes, eventually transmit the beneficial gene to the entire population.61. One reason for malaria to be more widespread now is that （ ）.A. more people have moved to malaria-infected areasB. mosquitoes have become resistant to pesticidesC. genetically modified mosquitoes still transmit the diseaseD. mosquitoes bite as many as 500 million people a year62. Lanzaro is hopeful that in a few year man can（ ）.A. start to eliminate malariaB. cure parasitic blood diseasesC. prevent mice from transmitting parasitesD. acquire immu
