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1、2022年考博英语-辽宁大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（附答案带详解）1. 单选题England became unified late in the 15th century. On Bosworth Field, in 1485, Henry Tudor put an end to the civil strife of the Wars of the Roses and crowned himself Henry VII. Forcefully bringing recalcitrant nobles to heel, he strengthened his authority. For
2、the first time in nearly a century, the country had stability in government and a considerable degree of peace and prosperity. Henry, therefore, could devote his attention to the promotion of commerce. He encouraged English merchants to enter foreign trade, supported the formation of trading compani
3、es, and restricted the activities of the foreign merchants in London and Bristol, who had monopolized trade. Columbus even sent his brother to England when he failed to obtain support from the Portuguese or Spanish Kings for his proposal that Cathay could be reached by sailing west across the Atlant
4、ic. Henry VII agreed to finance the voyage and urged Columbus to come at once to England. But, before the latter left Spain, the Spanish monarchs experienced a change of heart and supported the voyage that was to give Spain an empire.Meanwhile, Henry VII never gave up his hope of obtaining for Engla
5、nd a share of the rich Eastern trade. British merchants established a trade link with Iceland about 1490. And encouraged by news of Columbus voyage, on March 5, 1496, Henry VII granted letters-patent to the well-beloved John Cabot and his three sons to sail across the Atlantic to Asia. An Italian-bo
6、rn navigator, Cabot had lived in England since 1484. As a youth, he had visited the East, and when he arrived in London he had already decided that an all-water route could be found to the trading centers there. He may have made a few trips to Iceland before the King commissioned his trans-Atlantic
7、voyage.In May of 1497, Cabot left Bristol with a crew of 18 and, after a voyage of 52 days across the North Atlantic, landed on Cape Breton Island and took possession of the land for Henry VII. From there, he explored several islands in the Gulf of St. Lawrence and in August returned to England and
8、the praise of Henry VII, who granted him new letters-patent. When Cabot sailed again, in 1498, he had perhaps 5 or 6 ships, whose crews totaled some 300 men. The King personally financed a substantial portion of the expeditions cost. On his second voyage, Cabot probably explored the North American c
9、oast from Newfoundland south to the Delaware or Chesapeake Bays.Having failed to find the shores of Cathay (China) or Cipango (Japan), the English turned in the opposite direction. Henry s son, Henry better known for his martial involvement and his break with the Popeenthusiastically began to build
10、“a fleet the like of which the world has never seen.” John Cabots son, Sebastian, became a renowned navigator. After serving Spain for a number of years, he returned to England and opened the northern sea-land route to Moscow. He also helped found the company of Merchant-Adventurers, predecessor of
11、the Muscovy Company, and became its president for life.Thus, for nearly a century, Englands interest was diverted from the New World and her energies were concentrated on the development of a commercial empire and a merchant fleet that became second to none in Europe. But John Cabot had given Englan
12、d a claim to the northern shores of the New World, and in the course of time the sea dogs and other English mariners were to breathe new life into it.1.The main purpose of the passage is to（ ）.2.Which of the following statement is best supported by information in the passage?3.The author cites Colum
13、bus chiefly to（ ）.4.According to the Passage, Sebastian Cabot and Christopher Columbus（ ）.5. The author suggests that Henry s interest in navigation was chiefly（ ）.6.According to the passage Henry s policies included all of the following EXCEPT（ ）.7.Which of the following statements is best supporte
14、d by information in the passage?8.For the purposes of this passage, the end of the wars of the Roses was important chiefly because（ ）.9.For the purposes of this passage, John Cabots principal importance is that he（ ）.10.According to the passage, the initial voyages of Christopher Columbus and John C
15、abot were motivated chiefly by a desire（ ）.问题1选项A.recount the Cabots contributions to Englands commercial development.B.demonstrate the far-sightedness of the Tudor monarchs.C.explain Englands early involvement with the New World.D.analyze the late 15th century competition between England and Spain.
16、问题2选项A.Henry followed his fathers policy of rapid exploration of the New World.B.Englands superior merchant fleet was established before her initial voyages to the New World.C.Henry s fame rests mainly on his establishment of a commercial empire.D.Sebastian Cabot established a sea-land route to Moscow during Henry VIIIs reign.问题3选项A.Emphasize t
