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1、2022年考博英语-辽宁大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）1. 单选题Modem international joint ventures are more dynamic and different from （1）subsidiaries and similar organizational forms in the past, so traditional control systems may not be applicable. New forms of international management have not been studied very much in the
2、ir own right - for example,（2） on the use of accounting and other information to evaluate performance.Organizational design should include control mechanisms when an IJV is planned. The Macquarie Group, for example, boasts that the key to its success is a unique management style that provides indivi
3、dual businesses with a balance between（3）freedom, controls on risk limits and observance of professional standards. The groups argument is that this policy encourages a sense of ownership and entrepreneurship and has produced（4） major financial innovations.Competent international managers consider a
4、lso the varying levels of control by different parties to joint ventures. They are usually easier to manage either if one parent plays a dominant role in daily operations or if the local general manager has considerable management control (5） both parents out of most of the daily operations).In any
5、case, the more issues（6） before a merger, the less（7） to break up. Control over stability and success is built largely into initial agreements. Contracts specify responsibilities and rights. Where ownership is unequal, control and staffing choices（8） . ownership share. In particular, choices of gene
6、ral managers influence relative allocation of control because they are responsible for running the venture and for coordinating relationships. Where ownership is divided among several partners, the parents tend to（9） daily operations to the local venture managers because this avoids many potential d
7、isputes. In addition, increased autonomy of the venture tends to reduce many common human resource problems such as staffing friction,（10）communication and clashing organizational cultures, resulting from conflicting goals and working practices.问题1选项A.adjacentB.hostC.fully ownedD.partly shared问题2选项A
8、.little research has been undertakenB.a little research has been undertakenC.much research has been doneD.they have undertaken the research问题3选项A.operationB.operatedC.operativeD.operating问题4选项A.streams ofB.a stream ofC.a lotD.lots问题5选项A.makingB.avoidingC.turningD.keeping问题6选项A.which have been raised
9、B.put upC.that have been settledD.discussed问题7选项A.possibility there isB.likely it isC.impossible it isD.possible问题8选项A.will be proportionate toB.will be proportionateC.will proportionateD.will be proportional问题9选项A.employB.empowerC.divideD.delegate问题10选项A.blockedB.blockingC.codedD.coding【答案】第1题:C第2题
10、:A第3题:D第4题:B第5题:D第6题:C第7题:B第8题:B第9题:B第10题:A【解析】（1）考查逻辑关系。adjacent意为“邻近的，毗邻的”；host意为“主办，主持，东道主”；fully owned 意为“完成拥有”；partly shared意为“部分共享”；由空格后的subsidiaries（子公司）可知选C最符合逻辑，fully owned subsidiaries意为“全资子公司，完全控制子公司”。（2）考查逻辑关系。由前面的 have not been studied very much可知句子为否定意义，故所举的例子也应含否定意义，little作形容词时，意为“几乎没
11、有”，相当于一个否定词。a litter意为“有一点，有一些”，表示肯定的意思。因此选A。（3）考查分词。operate意为“运转，操作”，现在分词修饰某个名词，表示某人/某物本身具有这个现在分词所表示的特征，此处意为“这种风格为个体工商户提供运营自由，风险限制控制和遵守专业标准之间的平衡”。（4）考查固定搭配。 a stream of 为固定搭配，意为“一连串，大量的的”；alot是副词性短语，修饰动词；lots不单独适用，后面一般接of。此句意为：这组的论点是，这一政策鼓励了主人翁意识和创业精神，并产生了大量的重要金融创新。（5）考查词义辨析。make out of意为“用制造出”；tur
12、n out of意为“把逐出”；keep out of意为“（使）不入内，（使）置身于之外”。此处表示“将母公司置身于大部分日常事务之外”，因此选C（6）考查逻辑关系。the more.the less意为“越越”，由前后逻辑关系可知，在合并前问题越多，之后出现分裂的就越少，C选项最符合逻辑，解决问题越多，就越（7）考查逻辑关系。the more.the less意为“越越”，由前后逻辑关系可知，在合并前问题越多，之后出现分裂的就越少，B选项最合逻辑，分裂的可能性就越少。此句意为：无论如何，和平前解决的问题越多，以后就越少可能出现分裂。（8）考查词义辨析。be proportionate to
13、意为“相称，相当”；be proportionate意为“成比例”；proportionate意为“成比例的”；proportional意为“比例的”。此处表示“在所有权不平等的情况下，管理和员工配置使所有权份额”，因此选B。（9）考查动词辨析。employ意为“雇佣”；empower意为“授权”；divide意为“分开”； delegate意为“委托，选派”，委派的代表(通常是参见谈判、会谈、协商、交流的)。 此处表示“双方将授权当地企业管理者日常操作权”，因此选B。（10）考查固定搭配。blocked communication意为“沟通阻碍”。2. 单选题During the ninet
14、eenth century, the mechanization of farming and the fencing of range land opened the agriculture heart of North America to intensive development. As the natural geographic center of this region, Chicago became the crossroads of a vast transportation network. The great waterway systems of the Mississ
15、ippi Valley and the Great Lakes were linked in Chicago in 1847, when the Illinois-Michigan Canal was opened to traffic. Within the next year, rail lines began to operate trains to and from the city. The rise of agricultural activity demanded facilities for the storage and milling of grain, the slaughtering of cattle, and the processing and shipment of meat. The manufacture of farm machinery branched out into the basic metal
