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1、2022年考博英语-西北工业大学考前提分综合测验卷（附带答案及详解）1. 单选题The government lacked money because of biting oil（ ）.问题1选项A.pricesB.stationsC.buildingsD.revenues【答案】D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。price “价格；价值”；station “车站；驻地；地位”；building “建筑；建筑物”；revenue “税收，税收收入”。句意：政府因为棘手的石油收入而缺钱。选项D符合题意。2. 单选题At about the same time, some black Christian
2、s walked in protest out of churches where they were forced to worship in（ ）sections.问题1选项A.segregatedB.sustainedC.connectedD.engaged【答案】A【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。segregated “被隔离的”；sustained “持续的；持久的”；connected “连接的；有联系的；连贯的”；engaged “忙碌的；使用中的”。句意：几乎同时，一些黑人基督徒抗议地走出教堂，在那里他们被迫去被隔离的区域做礼拜。选项A符合题意。3. 单选题Alfred Nobel
3、, the famous Swedish chemist who founded the Nobel Prize, was born into a family where research and experimentation were almost second nature. His father Immanuel, out of work and penniless, tested his theories of explosives in a laboratory set up in their house. Unfortunately, the elder Nobel remai
4、ned frustrated in his efforts to apply his natural inventive spirit to establishing a prosperous endeavor.Alfred Nobel worked alongside his father, and by 1850 when he was 17, Alfred had acquired most of his fathers knowledge of and enthusiasm for chemistry. Although numerous other scientists had be
5、en intrigued by nitroglycerine, Alfred was the one who finally managed to turn this dangerous substance into a safe and useful explosive. He succeeded in developing dynamite commercially, which laid the foundation for many of the worlds leading chemical enterprises. Aside from introducing the innova
6、tive Nobel Igniter in 1864 and dynamite in 1866，Alfred claimed 355 patents including nitrocellulose and substitutes for leather and rubber. He developed clever methods for the production of synthetic silk and was involved in electrochemical, telecommunications, and safety alarm systems as well.Alfre
7、d Nobel was a dedicated scientist who became very rich applying his knowledge of chemistry. His sense of guilt over having created a potentially deadly material led him to leave some of his millions to reward individuals who made substantial contributions to certain areas of science. It was natural
8、that he would include chemistry as one of those branches, especially since the end of the nineteenth century brought rapid advancements in the field.1.According to the passage, what is true about Alfred Nobels father Immanuel?2.According to the passage, the power of nitroglycerine（ ）.3.Which of the
9、following conclusions about Alfred Nobel can be drawn from the passage?4.According to the passage, Alfred Nobel made important progress in developing all of the following items EXCEPT（ ）.5.It can be inferred from the passage that Alfred Nobel later viewed his invention of dynamite（ ）.问题1选项A.He was n
10、ever able to capitalize on his work in chemistry.B.He was not instrumental in developing his sons enthusiasm for chemistry.C.He turned his knowledge of chemistry into a profitable business.D.He shared in the work of his son Alfred.问题2选项A.was first recognized by Immanuel NobelB.was never utilized wel
11、l by chemical enterprisesC.was most fully developed by Alfred NobelD.lay in its intrigue for many scientists问题3选项A.His talents lay almost exclusively in the area of explosives.B.He was reluctant to bequeath a large part of his wealth towards promoting scientific research.C.He chose to work independe
12、ntly of other scientists.D.He was a major contributor to the rapid progress in chemistry in the late nineteenth century.问题4选项A.nitrocelluloseB.rubber and leatherC.synthetic silkD.safety alarm devices问题5选项A.with much concern for its negative effects on mankindB.as a minor achievement in his long care
13、erC.with satisfaction regarding its impact on chemical enterprisesD.as a natural outgrowth of his fathers training【答案】第1题:A第2题:D第3题:D第4题:D第5题:A【解析】第1题:细节事实题。题目问的是“根据文章可知下列哪项关于诺贝尔父亲的描述是正确的？”文章第一段最后一句提到“不幸的是，老诺贝尔并未能用自己天生的发明精神来完成这项伟大的事业”（Unfortunately, the elder Nobel remained frustrated in his efforts
14、 to apply his natural inventive spirit to establishing a prosperous endeavor），因此选项A符合题意。第2题:细节事实题。题目问的是“根据文章可知硝化甘油是什么？”文章第二段提到“尽管硝化甘油一直吸引了很多其他科学家的目光”（Although numerous other scientists had been intrigued by nitroglycerine），因此选项D符合题意。第3题:推理判断题。题目问的是“下列哪项关于诺贝尔的总结可以从文章中得出？”文章最后一段最后一句提到“他将化学包括在那些尤其是从19世
15、纪末以来为这个领域带来了进步的分支中”（It was natural that he would include chemistry as one of those branches, especially since the end of the nineteenth century brought rapid advancements in the field），因此选项D符合题意。第4题:细节事实题。题目问的是“根据文章可知，诺贝尔在很多领域起了很大作用，除了下列哪项？”文章倒数第二段提到“诺贝尔申请了355项专利，包括硝化纤维、皮革和橡胶的替代品，他研究出一种生产合成丝的好方法，还参与到电化学、通讯以及安全警报系统的研究中”（Nobel Igniter in 1864 and dynamite in 1866，Alfred claimed 355 patents including nitrocellulose and substitutes for leather and rubber. He developed clever methods for the production of synthetic silk and
