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1、2022年考博英语-四川大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（含答案带详解）1. 翻译题Translate the following sentences into English.如同人员与货物一样, 人的思想观念也可以跨跃大西洋自由地交流, 尽管有时会略显迟缓。你在一个新的环境呆上一段时间后就进入了第二阶段危机阶段,在这个阶段, 美好的印象渐渐消失,你会明白必须面对日常生活中的实际问题。在美国人经常光顾的那些欧洲国家, 友谊跟其他更随意的人际关系有很大的区别, 友谊与家庭生活的关联方式也各不相同。第一阶段是蜜月阶段, 在这一阶段中新的经历被视作是生动有趣, 令人愉快和富有魅力的。爱中有这样的矛盾：
2、两个人合二为一, 却又一分为二。【答案】Ideas have crossed the Arctic ocean as freely as men and merchandise, though sometimes more slowly.After staying in a new environment for a period of time, you will enter the second phasephase of crisis during which favorable impression will gradually die away and you will realiz
3、e it is necessary to face the practical problems in the daily life.In those European countries which Americans often visit, friendship differs greatly from more casual interpersonal relationship, and the relationships between friendship and family life vary ,too.The first is honeymoon phase during w
4、hich new experiences are considered vivid, amusing, delightful and charming.There exists such contradictions in love: two people become one which, however, divides into two.2. 单选题Putting in a new window will （ ） cutting away part of the roof.问题1选项A.includeB.involveC.containD.comprise【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。
5、include包括, 包含；involve卷入, 涉及；contain容纳, 牵制；comprise 构成。句意:安装一个新窗户需要把屋顶的一部分切掉。include一般用于被动语态, 比如sth. included in.某物包含于其中, 所以选项B更符合句意。3. 单选题Among the many ways in which people communicate through speech, public speaking has probably received more study and attracted more attention than any other. Poli
6、ticians campaigning for public office，salespeople presenting products, and preachers delivering sermons all depend upon this form of public communication. Even people who do not make speaking a part of their daily work are often asked to make public speeches: students at graduation,for instance, or
7、members of churches, clubs, or other organizations. Nearly everyone speaks in public at some time or other, and those who perform the task well often become leaders.There are many reasons for speaking in public. A public speaker may hope to teach an audience about new ideas,for example, or provide i
8、nformation about some topic. Creating a good feeling or entertaining an audience may be another purpose. Public speakers, however, most often seek to persuade an audience to adopt new opinions, to take certain actions，or to see the world in a new way.Public speakers usually know well in advance when
9、 they are scheduled to make an address.Consequently they are able to prepare their message before they deliver it. Sometimes, though, speakers must deliver the message unprepared, or off the cuff, such as when they are asked to offer a toast at a wedding reception or to participate in a televised de
10、bate or interview.When they do not have to speak unpreparedly, most speakers write their own speeches.Politicians and business executives sometimes employ professional writers who prepare their for them. These professional writers may work alone or in small teams. Although the speaker may have some
11、input into the contents of the speech, the writers sometimes have a great influence over the opinions expressed by their employers. Regardless of how a speech is prepared, the person who delivers it is given credit for its effect upon its hearers.1.Public speaking is well known to the average people
12、 because （ ） .2.Which of the following is rarely the purpose of public speaking?3.In paragraph 4,the expression “deliver the message off the cuff ” means （ ） .4.Often the speech prepared by a professional writer for a boss （ ） .5.No matter who writes a speech,the audience （ ） .问题1选项A.most of them ha
13、ve been trained as public speakersB.most of them have been audience of such activitiesC.most of them have to do it when they study at collegeD.The passage does not mention the reason问题2选项A.To influence peoples ideas and behavior.B.To enjoy the satisfaction from ones own speech.C.To persuade the audi
14、ence to accept an idea.D.To promote public interest.问题3选项A.speak at a large receptionB.speak on televisionC.speak according to the scheduleD.speak without preparation问题4选项A.is very professional and tactfulB.expresses the writers idea of the matterC.expresses the bosss idea of the matterD.expresses t
15、he ideas of both问题5选项A.believe it expressed the speakers ideaB.know very well who the speaker isC.know whose idea the speech really expressesD.do not believe what the speaker says【答案】第1题:B第2题:B第3题:D第4题:D第5题:A【解析】1.根据第一段的内容可知，政治家竞选，销售员推销，传教士传道都是发布公众演讲，甚至是不经常演讲的人，比如刚毕业的学生，教会俱乐部或其他机构成员也都做过公众演讲。几乎每个人都或多或少会在公共场合发言，而那些表现出色的人往往会成为领导者。由此可知，公众演讲是普通人所熟知的是因为大多数人都是公众演讲的观众。选项B符合原文。2.根据第二段的内容可知，公众演讲的目的有很多，比如向听众传授新思想，或提供有关某个主题的信息；创造一种良好的感觉或娱乐观众；试图说服观众接受新观点,采取某些行动,或者以一种新的方式看世界。总之都是为了公众利益，而选项B从自己的演讲中获得满足，在文中没有
