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1、专题10非谓语动词精讲深剖真题速递一单句语法填空1.（2019全国I卷）Modem methods of tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive _ (perform) consistently over a large area. 【答案】to perform【解析】考查非谓语动词。主系表结构之后，常用不定式作原因或目的状语，句意：跟踪北极熊的现代方法只是在二十世纪八十年代以来开始采用，并且在如此大区域内持续采用是昂贵的，故此处用to perf
2、orm。2.（2019全国I卷）Scientists have responded by _ (note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are higher than they actually are. 【答案】noting【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据其前介词by可知，此处用动名词主动形式，故填noting。3.（2019全国II卷）A 90-year-old has been awarded “
3、Woman Of The Year” for _ (be)Britains oldest full-time employee-still working 40 hours a week. 【答案】being【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据其前介词for可知，此处用动名词形式作宾语，故填being。4.（2019全国II卷）Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award，proud Irene _(declare) she had no plans to retire from her 36-year-old business.【答案】declared【解析
4、】考查谓语动词。根据上下文可知，该句主语为Irene，此处为谓语成分，根据后文had 以及said 可知用一般过去时态，故填declared。5.（2019全国II卷）When we got a call _ (say)she was short-listed，we thought it was a joke. 【答案】saying【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据其后所接的宾语从句可知，此处用现在分词形式saying作后置定语，解释名词call的内容，call与say是主动关系，故填saying。6.（2019全国III卷）On our way to the house，it was rainin
5、g so hard that we couldnt help wondering how long it would take _ (get)there. 【答案】to get【解析】考查不定式。句中的would提示我们作者还没有到达那座房子，wondering后的句子不缺谓语，此处应填非谓语动词，故填to get。7.（2019全国III卷）On the last day of our week-long stay，we were invited to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under
6、the stars，_ (listen)to musicians and meeting interesting locals.【答案】listening【解析】考查分词。本句谓语动词为“were invited”，所以70题空格处动词listen应用非谓语动词形式。听音乐这个动作是由we发出的，所以选用现在分词形式。也可由and前后连接两个并列的结构这一规律解题，and后meeting interesting locals为分词形式，故空格处填listening。8.（2019浙江高考）When the children are walking or _ (cycle) to school
7、on dark mornings, car drivers can easily see them.【答案】cycling【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：当孩子们在黑暗的早晨步行或骑车上学时，汽车司机很容易看到它们。or连接两个并列成分，根据or前的walking可知，此处要用cycling。故填cycling。9.（2019浙江高考）But some students didnt want _ (wear) the uniform.【答案】to wear【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：但是，有一些学生不想穿学生服。want to do sth想要做某事，这是want的固定用法。故填to wear
8、。10.(2019北京卷)Nervously _ (face) challenges, I know I will whisper to myself the two simple words “Be yourself”.【答案】facing【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：紧张地面对挑战，我知道我将轻声对自己说两个简单的字“做你自己”。分析句式可知，此处是做句子的状语，要用非谓语动词，其逻辑主语是I，与逻辑主语之间是主动关系，用现在分词作状语。故填facing。二单项选择1.(2019江苏卷) _ the convenience of digital payment, many senior c
9、itizens started to use smart phones.A. To enjoyB. EnjoyingC. To have enjoyedD. Enjoy【答案】A【解析】考查非谓语动词。此处是不定式作目的状语。句意：为了享受数字支付的方便，很多老年市民开始使用智能手机。故选A。2.（2019天津卷）_ to think critically is an important skill todays children will need for the future.A. LearnB. LearnedC. LearningD. Having learned【答案】C【解析】考查
10、动名词。句意：学会批判性思维是当代小孩未来所必需的重要技能。句子缺少主语成分，而过去分词、动词都不可以做主语。此处用动名词做主语，故选C。3.（2019江苏卷） Chinas image is improving steadily, with more countries_ its role in international affairs.A. recognizingB. being recognizedC. to be recognizedD. recognized【答案】A【解析】考查with复合结构。句意：中国的形象正在稳步提升，更多的国家认识到中国在国际事务中的作用。“更多的国家”和
11、“认识”之间是主动关系，用with + 名词 + 现在分词结构，故选A。4.(2018北京)_ along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experienceA. Travel B. Traveling C. Having traveled D. Traveled【答案】B【解析】考查动名词。句意：沿着丝绸之路旅行是一次既有趣又有益的经历。“_ along the old Silk Road”做主语，要用动名词，故B选项正确。点睛：动名词是动词-ing形式的一种，兼有动词和名词特征。在句子中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语。5.
12、(2018北京)During the Mid-Autumn Festival, family members often gather together _ a meal, admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes.A. share B. to share C. having shared D. shared【答案】B【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：在中秋节期间，家人们通常会聚在一起吃饭，赏月，品尝月饼。gather是谓语动词，“_ a meal, admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes”是状语，家人聚在一起的目的是吃饭，赏月，品
13、尝月饼，表目的用动词不定式，故B选项正确。点睛：动词不定式可以做主语，状语，定语，宾语，表语等。动词不定式做目的状语时，可以置于主句之前也可以置于主句之后，通常译为“为了”。 6.(2018北京) Ordinary soap, _ correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively.A. used B. to use C. using D. use【答案】A点睛：过去分词所表示的一个含义就是“被动”。7.(2018天津） I didnt mean _anything but the ice cream looked so good that I coul
14、dnt help_ it.A. to eat；to try B. eating；trying C. eating；to try D. to eat； trying【答案】D【解析】考查短语固定搭配。句意：我不打算吃任何东西，但冰淇淋看起来如此的好以至于我忍不住的要试一试。固定短语短语mean to do（打算做），couldnt help doing忍不住做。故选D。点睛：本题考查动词短语固定搭配。同学在平时学习中要多把握动词不同搭配的不同含义，本题需要区分“mean to do打算做”与“mean doing意味着做”和“cant help to do sth.不能帮助做”与“couldnt
15、 help doing忍不住做”之间的含义。8.（2018天津）I need a new passport so I will have to have my photographs_.A. taking B. taken C. being taken D. take【答案】B【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我需要一个新护照，所以我将不得不拍照片。本题考查非谓语动词作宾语补足语，宾语my photograph与补足语之间为被动关系，故用过去分词作宾语补足语。C项表示正在进行。故选B。点睛：本题考查的非谓语动词为高中重点语法之一。在分析题目的时候，首先要抓住非谓语动词在句中所作的成分，找出该非谓语动词所对应的逻辑主语，再分析二者之间的关系，最后根据句意选择正确的答案。9.（2018江苏）Around 13,500 new jobs were created during the period, _ the expected number of 12
