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1、过去未曾实现的愿望表达方式种种在英语中有多种表达“原打算、，本希望做某事却未实现” 的方式，下面对其进行归纳，以帮助读者准确理解，恰当运用这 些表达方式。一. were(was) + 不定式的完成式表示过去本打算做的事却未 做。例如： He was to have returned today ， but was asked to stay another week.他原打算今天回来，但让他再呆一周。Tom was to have joined us in our discussion ， but he happened to have fallen ill.汤姆原计划参加我们的讨论,但碰巧生
2、病了。二. intend ， mean， want， plan， hope， desire， wish， expect等动词的过去式加不定式的完成式可表示原计划，本希望做的事 却未做。例如： I meant to have called you last night， but I was too busy. 昨晚我本想给你打电话,但我太忙了。She wished to have come to see you yesterday, but it rained heavily.她本希望昨天来看你，可是雨下得很大。She desired to have married John, but her
3、parents were against the marriage.她非常想嫁给约翰，可是父母反对这桩婚事。有的语法书上提到上面这些动词的过去式加上不定式的一 般式也可表示过去未曾实现的愿望，打算或意图。例如：I intended to write her a letter yesterday, but I forgot to.昨天我本想给她写封信，但后来忘了。三. intend，mean，want，plan，hope，desire，wish，expect等动词的过去完成式后加不定式的一般式也可表达此意。例如： We had hoped to catch the early bus, but
4、got up too late.我们本希望赶上早班车，但起床太晚了。I had meant to take a good holiday this year, but I wasnt able to get away.我打算今年好好过一个假期，可是我抽不开身。四. expect，think，suppose，hope 等动词的过去完成式后接 that 引导的宾语从句表示本以为，原希望会发生的事却未发生。例如： I had thought that he had died at least twenty years before.我原以为他至少在二十年前就已经去世了。I had hoped tha
5、t he would answer my letter.我本希望他会给我回信的。五. would + have +过去分词表示原计划要做的事却未做。例如： I was ill that day, otherwise I would have played the basketball match.那天我病了，要不然我是会参加那场篮球赛的。六. would like(love)+完成式表示原来本想做的事却未做。例如：I would love to have gone to the party last night, but I had to work extra hours to finish
6、a report.昨天晚上我原想参加那个晚会，但我得加班几小时完成一篇 报告。Id like to have gone to the concert, but I had piles of work todo.我原想参加那个音乐会，但有许多工作要做。七. was(were)going to+动词原形可表示原打算要做的事却未 做。例如：Tom, you didnt come to the party last night.I was going to, but I suddenly remembered I had homework to do.汤姆，你昨晚没有来参加晚会。我原打算参加的，但我突
7、然记起有作业要做。He was going to have a talk with me yesterday afternoon, but he was too busy.昨天下午他本来打算和我谈谈，但太忙了。八. 某些动词如 arrive，leave，start，fly，come，go，stay， return 等的过去进行式也可表示原计划要做的事却未做。例如：What happened to you the other day ?I was flying to Macao, but I missed the flight. 几天前发生什么事了？ 原打算乘飞机去澳门，但误了航班。Last S
8、unday we were going for an outing, but it rained.上星期天，我们本想去郊游，但下雨了。I was staying here for another week, but I received a telegram asking me to return at once.原打算在这儿再呆一周，但收到一封电报，让我马上回去。 下面几种结构虽没有“原打算，本希望做某事却未做”之意 但其表达的意义与之接近。1. wish 后 that 引导的宾语从句外语动词用过去完成时表示 过去未曾实现的愿望。例如： He is sorry he was absent f
9、rom the meeting, He wishes he had attended it.他很后悔自己未出席那次会议，他想他要是出席就好了。He wishes his wife had given birth to a son.他想妻子要是给他生个儿子就好了。2. would rather 后的 that 从句中谓语动词用过去完成式可 表示与过去事实相反的愿望，但主从句主语往往不同。例如： Id rather you hadnt done that,我真希望你没做过那件事。I would rather you had gone there, too.我宁愿你也去了。3. ”If only-.”句型中的谓语动词用过去完成式也可表示与 过去事实相反的愿望，意为“但愿-该多好”。例如：If only he had taken the doctors advice,要是他当时接受医生的建议就好了。If only I had checked the petrol before starting out; now I have to push the car to the side of the road.要是在起程之前检查一下汽油就好了，现在只得把汽车推到 路边了。
