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1、Unit4 TV Programmes语法指南 牛津版1. 表示时间的介词短语“fromto” “betweenand”fromto表示“从某时到某时”。如： He works from nice o clock until five o clock. 他从九点工作到五点 The Han Dynasty was from 206 BC to 220 AD.汉朝是从公元前 206 年到公元 220 年。 “World of Animals” is from 8:30 to 9:10 every Wednesday evening on Channel 10.动物世界每周晚8:30到9:10在十频
2、道播出。【注】在“fromto”结构中的两个名词，前面通常不带冠词或人称代词，但可以用“from one +名词+ to another”的形式，（不包括专有名词）。 The period from the War of Independence to the Civil War is the babyhood of the United States.从独立战争到内战这个时期是美国的婴儿期。betweenand意思是在之间，在中间”。如: Don t eat between two meals. 正餐之间不要吃零食。 Many changes took place in the world
3、between the two world wars.两次世界大战之间，全球发生了很大的变化。Usually he feels very tired between 12 o clock and 1 o clock.通常他在十二点到一点间感到很困。It s cheaper between 6 pm and 8 am.下午六点到早晨八点间价钱比较便宜。2. 表示时间的连词“before”，“after和“until”before作连词，引导时间状语从句，表示在前”。以before引导的时间状误从句，既可以放在主句之前，也可以放在主句之后。如果从句放在主句之前，一般要用 逗号把它与主句隔开。 Pl
4、ease see me before you go. 你走以前请来看我。 Think well before you decide.深思熟虑以后你再作决定。 Do it before you forget it. 尽快动手，别忘了。 Be a pupil before you become a teacher. 先做学生，再做先生。 They had not known each other long before they got married. 他俩认识不久 就结婚了。 Did she leave a message before she left? 她走之前留条了吗？after作连词，
5、引导时间状语从句，表示在之后”。以after引导的时间状语从句，既可以放在主句之前，也可以放在主句之后。如果从句放在主句之前，一般要用 逗号把它与主句隔开。 I ll call you after I have spoken to them.我和他们谈过以后会打电话给你。 Several years after they d split up, they met again by chance in Paris. 他们离婚几年后在巴黎偶尔遇见了。 After the work was done, se sat down to sum up experience.做完工作，我们坐下来总结经验。
6、I found the letter long after he had gone away.他走后很久我才发现了那封信。until (till)作连词，引导时间状语从句，表示到时；直到为止”。以until引导的时间状语从句，既可以放在主句之前，也可以放在主句之后。如果从句放在主 句之前，一般要用逗号把它与主句隔开。以till引导的时间状语从句，只能放在主句 之后。 I ll wait until he arrives and then I ll leave. 我要等他来以后再离开。 Go straight on until you come to a large red building.一
7、直往前，走到一幢高大的红色建筑物为止。 Let s wait until the rain stops. 咱们等雨停吧。 The teacher kept on asking the students questions until (till) the bell rang. 老师反复向学生提问，直到下课铃响。 He continued working up till (until) he died. 他一直工作到去世。 Until you told me I had no idea of it.在你告诉我之前，我对此一无所知。3. while / as 的用法while用作连词，意为“在期间
8、”“当时候”。它表示某个动作正在进行时另一 个动作发生了；还可以表示某个动作还在进行的同时，另一个动作也在进行之中。它 只表示时间段，所以从句的谓语动词必须用持续性动词或状态动词。其时态一般限于 进行时或状态动词的一般时。如： My father fell asleep while he was reading the newspaper. 我父亲在看报时睡着了。 While mother was cooking, father was repairing the bookcase.当妈妈在烧饭时，爸爸在修书架。 While my uncle is away on holiday, I m g
9、oing to stay in his house of a week. 我叔叔外出度假时，我将在他家呆一个星期。 While I was sleeping, a thief entered the house.我睡觉时，小偷进了我的屋。while还可以表示“然而”，用作两个人或物的比较。如： I like music while my brother likes sports.我喜欢音乐而我的哥哥喜欢体育。 Girls do well in Chinese while boys are good at maths.女孩的语文好而男孩的数学好。 Nodding the head means a
10、greement, while shaking it means disagreement. 点点头表示同意，而摇头表示不同意。while也可用作“只要”解，相当于as long as。如： While there is water, there is life. 只要有水就有生命。 While there is life, there is hope. 留得青山在，不怕没柴烧。as作连词用，引导时间状语从句，意为当时候”，强调at the same time，不指先后，而指同时发生，尤指短动作或事件同时发生。如： As you leave, please takea raincoat wit
11、hyou. 当你离开时，请随身带件雨衣。 She dances as she sings. 她一边跳一边唱。as作连词用，可引导原因状语从句，意为“因为”，语气较because弱。如： As he had some exercises to grade, he didn t go with us.因为他有一些练习要批改，他没和我们一起去。 As it is raining hard, you d better put on your raincoat.由于雨下得很大，你最好穿上雨衣。 As he didn t know much English, he got out his dictiona
12、ry and looked up the word “cough” .由于他对英语懂得不多，他拿出他的字典查找cough这个词。as作连词用，可引导方式状语从句，意为“按照”“如同”。如： You must do everything as I do.你必须如同我做的一样来做每一件事。 When at Rome, do as Romans do.入乡随俗。（在罗马时就要像罗马人那样做） Please do as I told you.请按照我告诉你的去做。4. 副词的比较等级和最高级副词的比较级和最高级的变化形式和形容词相同，有规则变化和不规则变化两种。规则变化：单音节词和少数双音节词，词尾加
13、-er, -est来构成比较级和最高级。大部分双音节词和多音节词，前面加more, most构成比较级和最高级。构成法原级比较级最高级单音节词和少数双音节latelaterlatest词，词尾加-er, -estearlyearlierearliest大部分双早节词和多音节 词，前面加more, mostcarefully slowlymore carefully more slowlymost carefully most slowly不规则变化:原级比较级最高级wellbetterbestbadlyworseworstmuchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarthe
14、rfarthest副词的比较级和最高级的常用结构：as +副词原级+ as意为“与一样”，表示同级比较。如:She sings as sweetly as an angel. 她歌唱得像天使一样甜。I can run as fast as 30 miles an hour. 我能一小时跑 30 英里。He doesn t do so well in the test as Mary.他在测试中没有玛丽做得好。 比较级副词+ than意为“比更”，表示两者之间比较。如：Ben gets up earlier than his lazy father. 本比他那个懒爸爸起床起的早。They now
15、 live more happily than before. 他们现在比以前过得幸福。 副词比较级+副词比较级，意为“越来越”。如：It snowed more and more heavily. 雪下得越来越大。You work harder and harder. 你工作越来越努力了。 the +副词的比较级，the +副词的比较级，意为“越就越”。如：The more I see her, the less I like her. 我看到她越多，我越不喜欢她。The faster you type, the more mistakes you will make.你打字打得越快，你出的错也会越多。 The +副词的最高级+比较范围（三者或三者以上），意为“最”。如：Henry jumps highest of all the athletes. 亨利是所有运动员中跳得最高的。He wo
