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1、新课标高考英语语法定语从句高考真题例析定语从句(一)考点1正确选择关系词1Well reach the sales targets in a month we set at the beginning of the year.(2014重庆，9)答案which/that解析考查定语从句。句意为：再有一个月我们就能完成年初制订的销售目标了。which/that指代targets，在从句中充当set的宾语。2I am looking forward to the day my daughter can read this book and know my feelings for her.(201
2、4湖南，31)答案when解析考查定语从句。先行词为the day，关系词在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when。3The exact year Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008.(2014安徽，22)答案which/that解析考查定语从句。先行词是the exact year，定语从句中的动词spent是及物动词，后面缺少宾语，故填which/that。4A company profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad.
3、(2014山东，10)答案whose解析考查定语从句。句意为：国内市场利润萎缩的公司可能会寻求国外市场的机会。空格后名词profits和先行词company形成所属关系，故应填whose。5Please send us all the information you have about the candidate for the position.(2014陕西，13)答案that解析考查定语从句。先行词是information，指物，关系词在从句中作及物动词have的宾语，且先行词有不定代词all修饰，故关系词只能用that。6Happiness and success often com
4、e to those are good at recognizing their own strengths.(2013湖南，21)答案who解析考查定语从句。句意为：快乐和成功总是会眷顾那些善于认清自己的优点和特长的人。分析句子成分后可知，“ are good at recognizing their own strengths”是定语从句修饰先行词those，从句中缺少主语，指人，所以用who引导。名师点拨做此类题的关键是判断先行词和分析句子成分。若句中缺少主语、宾语、表语、定语，则用关系代词；若句中缺少状语，则用关系副词。然后再根据先行词的特点确定具体用哪一个关系代(副)词。考点2whe
5、re引导定语从句7Students should involve themselves in community activities they can gain experience for growth.(2014福建，31)答案where解析考查定语从句。关系副词where引导定语从句，修饰先行词community activities，且在从句中作地点状语。8The book has helped me greatly in my daily communication，especially at work a good impression is a must.(2014江苏，22)
6、答案where解析考查定语从句。句意为：这本书在日常交际中给予我很大的帮助，尤其是在第一印象至关重要的工作中。根据句意知关系词在从句中作地点状语，故填关系副词where。9Its helpful to put children in a situation they can see themselves differently.(2009福建，24)答案where解析考查定语从句。先行词是situation，指物，亦可指地点，关系词在从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where。名师点拨借助于“句子成分分析法”，确定先行词，分析从句中若缺少地点状语，则用where来引导。注意表示抽象地点的先行词有：
7、case，point，situation，condition，activity，job，race，position，stage，degree等。考点3which和as引导非限制性定语从句10Until now，we have raised 50,000 pounds for the poor children， is quite unexpected.(2014四川，4)答案which解析考查非限制性定语从句。此题考查which指代整个主句内容引导非限制性定语从句，which在定语从句中作主语。句意为：到现在为止，我们已经为那些贫穷的孩子募捐到了50 000英镑，这是完全没有预料到的。11 i
8、s often the case with children，Amy was better by the time the doctor arrived.(2013陕西，16)答案As解析句意为：就像其他小孩子一样，医生来的时候Amy好多了。as is often the case通常就是这样，此处as引导定语从句。12We have launched another manmade satellite， is announced in todays newspaper.(2013天津，6)答案which解析考查非限制性定语从句。which在此引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个句子。名师点拨a
9、s和which引导的定语从句的特点以及两者的区别：as引导的非限制性定语从句可置于句首、句中、句尾，而which从句只能置于被修饰句子的后面；which可在从句中作实义动词的主语，as不可；主、从句语义不一致时，只能用which；as含有“正如”之意，which没有。考点4“名词/代词/数词等ofwhich/whom”引导定语从句13English is a language shared by several diverse cultures， (每一种文化) uses it differently.(2014天津，12)答案each of which解析考查定语从句。前后两个分句间无连词，
10、由标点符号“逗号”可知，此处为非限制性定语从句，对先行词diverse cultures进行补充说明，又由后面谓语动词uses可知，应填each of which。14The children， (所有的孩子) had played the whole day long，were worn out.(2013浙江，5)答案all of whom解析考查定语从句。先行词为children，故需要用who(m)来指代，再根据汉语提示即可确定答案。15John invited about 40 people to his wedding， (大多数人) are family members.(201
11、3重庆，24)答案most of whom解析考查定语从句。句意为：约翰大约邀请了40人参加他的婚礼，其中大多数是他的家人。先行词是40 people，指人；再根据句意可知用关系代词whom。名师点拨根据标点符号和有无连词，判断是非限制性定语从句还是并列句。如果句与句之间有并列连词and，but或者分号，则是并列句；如果是逗号，且逗号后的内容是对前面内容的补充说明，则是非限制性定语从句，应该使用关系词。然后用“代入”法，把关系代词换成先行词，其关系就一目了然了。如上面1题中each of which each of the cultures；2题中all of whom all of the
12、children。考点5定语从句与状语从句的比较16The museum will open in the spring with an exhibition and a viewing platform visitors can watch the big glasshouses being built.(2013浙江，13)答案where解析考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知， visitors can watch the big glasshouses being built为定语从句，a viewing platform为先行词，从句缺少地点状语，应当由关系副词where引导。17If y
13、ou happen to get lost in the wild，youd better stay you are and wait for help.(2012四川，10)答案where解析考查地点状语从句。where引导的地点状语表明主句动作发生的地点，即：你最好呆在你现在所在的地方。18It was the middle of the night my father woke me up and told me to watch the football game.(2014江西，35)答案when解析考查状语从句。句意为：当我的父亲把我叫醒并告诉我看足球赛的时候，那时是午夜。本句中i
14、t指代“时间”，when引导的是一个时间状语从句。名师点拨做此类题的关键是分析从句中是否有先行词。若有，则为定语从句；若没有，则是状语从句、强调句等。考点6定语从句与强调句的比较19It was the culture，rather than the language， made it hard for him to adapt to the new environment abroad.(2014福建，29)答案that解析考查强调句。句意为：是风俗文化而不是语言使他很难适应国外的新环境。这里强调主语部分the culture，rather than the language，所以用that
15、引导。名师点拨区分定语从句还是强调句，看从句中是否缺少句子成分，如果去掉it is/was.that/who.，结构仍完整，则为强调句，反之，则是定语从句。定语从句(二).高考变式用适当的关系词填空1I borrowed the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week， my classmates recommended to me.(2014北京，26)答案which解析考查定语从句。此处Sherlock Holmes是先行词，作recommended的宾语；又因为是非限制性定语从句，故填which。2I didnt become a serious climber until the fifth grade
