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1、2022年高考英语 语法必考考点（5）形容词和副词（含解析）【考点解读】一、基本用法形容词的基本用法如下表：句法功能例句作定语The research lacks solid evidence, and therefore, its conclusions are doubtful. (2012浙江高考)作表语Trains are fast and convenient, but rush hours can be terrible.作宾语补足语Life is hard there, and the mountains make munications difficult.作主语补足语The
2、upper closet was found empty.作主语或宾语(与the或所有格连用)On buses, the young offer their seats to the old, the sick and the disabled.作伴随状语The survivors lay on the beach, exhausted and shocked.副词的基本用法如下表：句法功能例句作状语修饰动词We used to see each other regularly, but I havent heard from him since last year. (2012辽宁高考)修饰
3、形容词Wang Wei can be really stubborn.修饰其他副词Neither Tom nor Susan can swim very well.修饰全句Obviously, there is much room for improvement in our work.作表语Michael is abroad.作定语Which is the way out？作宾语补足语I am very glad to see you back.二、形容词和副词的比较等级形容词和副词的比较等级分为原级、比较级和最高级。1比较级和最高级的构成(1)规则形式单音节以及少数以ow(如narrow)
4、结尾的双音节形容词或副词，在原级后加er, est构成。如：clever cleverer cleverest。其他特殊变化见下表：特殊情况构成方式例词以e结尾加r和stbrave braver bravest以“辅音字母y”结尾变y为i, 再加er和esthappy happier happiest以重读闭音节结尾双写词尾，再加er和esthothotterhottest多音节和部分双音节形容词和副词，在原级前加more, most构成。active more active most activehappily more happily most happily(2)不规则形式good/we
5、ll better bestfar farther/further farthest/furthestbad /ill /badly worse worstold older/elder oldest/eldestmany/much more mostlittle less least2基本用法(1)两者相比(甲乙)，用“as原级as”表示。For cheerleaders, their sport is just as serious as baseball or football.【温馨提示】在同等比较级中，若同时出现形容词修饰单数可数名词，其语序为：asadj.an.as。I have
6、never had as boring a day as today.(2)两者相比(甲乙)，用“比较级than”表示，(甲乙)用“less原级than”表示。Seeking information on the Internet is more convenient than searching in a library.【温馨提示】在实际运用中，than从句常常省略，要通过上下文来理解。Traveling from place to place is now so much cheaper and easier.(4)三个或三个以上的人或事物比较，表示最高程度时，用“the最高级比较范围”
7、表示。During the 1990s, Michael Jordan was probably the best-known basketball player in the world.【温馨提示】有时形容词最高级前不用the，句中的most相当于very, 意为“非常；十分”。如：I am most happy to get your email.3特殊用法(1)“比较级and比较级”和“more and more原级”表示“越来越”，其反义词组为“less and less原级”。In many ways my disability has made me grow more and
8、more independent.(2)“the比较级，the比较级”表示“越，就越”。The more upset I got, the less I was able to concentrate.(3)“more原级than”表示“与其说不如说”。The girl was more frightened than hurt.(4)“more than主语can谓语”表示“非所能；不能”。The beauty of the city is more than I can describe.(5)形容词比较级前一般不用冠词，但如果出现表示范围的短语时，就需要加定冠词。Of the two s
9、isters, Mary is the cleverer.4比较级形式表示最高级含义(1)在某个特定范围内，同类事物对比，可用以下比较级结构表示最高级含义：比较级thanChina is the largest country in Asia. Thats, it is larger than any other country in Asia.(2)never.a形容词比较级单数名词/nothing.形容词比较级。I have never heard a better voice. / Nothing is better than the voice.5. 以下形容词及其副词无比较级和最高级
10、：relative, absolute, perfect, entire, senior, golden, afraid, unique, present, simply, right, wrong, sure, round, empty, wonderful等。形容词、副词是每年高考必考点之一，近几年语境综合化程度越来越高，难度加大。高考热点有：形容词、副词词义辨析；原级、比较级、最高级的使用；倍数的表达方法；比较等级的修饰语；多个形容词的排列顺序；常见形容词、副词的惯用法等。关于形容词与副词考点，主要考查以下几个方面：考点1： 在具体的语境中辨析形容词与副词的语义从复现的频率来看，此点是高
11、考对形容词、副词考查的第一大热点。解答此类题关键是要分析具体的语境，结合基本词义、搭配等来选择正确的答案。经过统计，常见常考的形容词和副词有(按频度排列)：even; interested; interesting; yet; hardly; just; therefore; though; too; very; mon; effective; either; ever; fair; however; less; more; nearly; only; purposefully; rather; still; such; surprised; surprising还有以下形容词和副词应当熟悉和
12、掌握： a good many; a number of; acceptable; accidentally; actively; adequately; already; another; anxious; anyway; ashamed; attentively; bad; badly; besides; better; but; careful; changeable; cheap; fortable; convenient; eagerly; easy; encouraging; equal; even though; eventually; fairly; far; fewer; f
13、ollowing; formally; friendly; generously; gradually; heavily; historic; hopefully; immediately; inaccessible; individual; inevitable; initial; instead; invisible; largely; never; next; no; normal; nowadays; obviously; ordinary; other; otherwise; patient; plenty of; practical; promoting; proper; quic
14、kly; readily; reasonable; remote; seldom; seriously; short; so; stimulating; traditional; unavailable; unavoidable; unfavorable; unfortunately; usual; various; weak; well。考点2：考查形容词、副词的比较级、最高级及前面的修饰语【备考清单】1) 比较级、最高级的选用及应用范围比较级、最高级常用于表示两者或多者间的比较。复习中须注意如下句型的用法： as + 原级adj. / adv. + as表示“和一样”及not as / s
15、o + 原级adj. / adv. + as表示“不如”。例如：(94全国) John plays football as well as, if not better than, David.The piano in the other shop will be cheaper, but not as good. as + 原级adj. + a(n) + n. + as表示“跟一样”。例如：Its generally believed that teaching is as much an art as it is a science.Our neighbour has as big a house as ours.
