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1、PPTcoursewareforEnglishcompoundsentencesThedefinitionandcharacteristicsofcompoundsensesTheconnectionmethodofcoordinatesensesThetypesofcoordinatedintentions目录TranslationTechniquesforParallelSentencesAnalysisofCommonErrorsinParallelSentencesThepracticalapplicationofcoordinatedintentions目录01Thedefiniti
2、onandcharacteristicsofcompoundsensesCompoundsensesaresensesthatcontaintwoormoreindependentclaims,commonlyconnectedbyacoordinatingconnection(e.g.,and,but,or)Anindependentclaimisagroupofwordsthatcontainsasubjectandapredicate,expressionsacompletethought,andcanstandaloneasasenseDefinitionCoordinationThe
3、independentclaimsareconnectedbyacoordinatingconnectiontoformasinglesenseStructuralFlexibilityCompoundsensescanhaveanycombinationofdependentandindependentclausesCompletenessEachindependentclassinacompoundpresenceisacompletepresenceonitsownCharacteristicCoordinatesensesaresimilartocompoundsensesinthat
4、theyhavetwoormoreindependentclauses,buttheindependentclausesareconnectedusingasemiconductorinstallofacoordinatingjunctionCompoundsenseshaveindependentclausesconnectedbyacoordinatingconnection(e.g.,and,but,or)Thedifferencebetweencoordinatedsensesandcompoundsenses02Theconnectionmethodofcoordinatesense
5、sSummarywordIndicatesaparallelrelationship,emphasizingthesimilarityorequivalencebetweenthings.要点一要点二DetaileddescriptionUsecoordinateconjunctionssuchasand,ortoconnecttwoormoresentences,indicatingtheexistenceofcoordinaterelationshipsbetweenthesesentencesandemphasizingtheirsimilarityorequivalence.Forex
6、ample,Shelikesreadingbooksandwatchingmovies.ParallelconnectionSummarywordIndicatestheindependencebetweensentences,emphasizingthedifferencesbetweensentences.DetaileddescriptionUseasemicolon(;)toconnecttwosentences,indicatingindependencebetweenthemandemphasizingtheirdifferences.Forexample,Sheisateache
7、r;Sheisalsoawriter.SemiconductorconnectionSummarywordIndicatesthenonindependencebetweensentencesandemphasizestheconnectionbetweensentences.DetaileddescriptionUsecommas(,)toconnecttwosentences,indicatingnonindependencebetweenthemandemphasizingtheirconnection.Forexample,Shelikesreadingbooks,whichisago
8、odhabit.CommaconnectionIndicatestheunconnectedrelationshipbetweensentences.SummarywordWithoutusinganyconnectingwordstoconnecttwosentences,itindicatesthatthereisanunconnectedrelationshipbetweenthesetwosentences.Forexample,Shelikesreadingbooks.Watchingmoviesareherfavoritehobby.DetaileddescriptionConne
9、ctionlessconnection03ThetypesofcoordinatedintentionsSummarywordcomposedoftwoormoresimplesentencesinparallel,oftenconnectedbycoordinateconjunctionsbetweeneachsimplesentence.DetaileddescriptionParallelsimplesensesareformedbyjuxtaposingtwoormoresimplesenses,commonlyconnectedbycoordinatingconnectionssuc
10、hasand,but,ororThesesensesareparallelinstructure,withsimilargraphicalelementsandindependentmeansParallelsimplesensesCompoundcomplexpresencecomposedofamainclauseandoneormoresubordinateclauses,whichcanbeadjectiveclauses,nounclauses,oradverbialclauses.SummarywordAcompoundcompoundpresenceconsiderationso
11、famainclauseandoneormoreadjacentclausesThesuborderclausescanbeobjectiveclauses,nonclauses,oradverbclausesThemainclauseisthepresencesindependentelement,andtheadjacentclausesprovideadditionalinformationormodifythemainclauseDetaileddescriptionSummarywordcomposedoftwoormorenestedsimplesentences,eachwith
12、noobviousconnectingwords,butinterconnectedthroughcontextandlogicalrelationships.DetaileddescriptionParallelnecessarysensesareformedbyembeddingoneormoresimplesenseswithinanothersimplesenseThesesensesareparallelinstructure,witheachnecessarysensecontributingtotheoverallmeaningofthesenseThelakeofexplici
13、tcoordinatingconnectionsemphasizesthelogicalandsemanticrelationshipsbetweenthenecessarysensesParallelNestedSentences04TranslationTechniquesforParallelSentencesliteraltranslationmethodSummarywordsLiteraltranslationreferstotranslatingeachwordorphraseinEnglishcompoundsentencesonebyonewithoutchangingthe
14、sentencestructure,whilemaintainingthegrammarandexpressionoftheoriginaltext.Thismethodcanpreservetheoriginalmeaningoftheoriginaltext,butsometimesitmayappearstiffornotsmoothenough.DetaileddescriptionLiteraltranslationmethodSummarywords:FreetranslationmethodDetaileddescription:Freetranslationreferstotr
15、anslatingbasedontheoverallmeaningofasentence,withoutbeingboundbythewordorderandexpressionoftheoriginaltext,andemphasizingthenaturalandfluentnatureofthetranslation.Thismethodcanmakethetranslationmoreinlinewiththeexpressionhabitsofthetargetlanguage,butsometimesitmaylosesomedetailsoftheoriginaltext.Fre
16、etranslationmethodSummarywords:wordsegmentationDetaileddescription:ThewordsegmentationmethodreferstobreakingdownsubordinateclausesorphrasesinEnglishcompoundsentencesintoindependentsentencesfortranslation,usuallyusinggrammaticalformssuchaswordsegmentationandindependentnominativestructures.Thismethodcanmakethetranslationclearerandeasiertounderstand,butsometimesitmaychangethewordorderorstructureoftheoriginaltext.ParticlemethodSummaryCompoundsyntaxDetaileddescriptionCompoundsyntaxreferstothetranslat
