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1、2022年考博英语-昆明理工大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（附答案带详解）1. 翻译题Translate the following two paragraphs into ChineseOnce you turn over a new leaf, you cant expect to change completely right away. You are bound to vacillate at times. The key is to be satisfied with gradual improvement, expecting and accepting the occasiona
2、l slips that come with any change. And even after you are handling these decisions in a firmer and more confident manner, you cant expect your children to respond immediately. For a while theyll keep on applying the old pressures that used to work so well. But theyll eventually come to respect your
3、decisions once they learn that nagging and arguing no longer work. In the end, both you and your children will be happier for it.The trends are quickly accelerating for a simple reason: Information is power, and technology democratizes and universalizes the availability of information. Hence, organi
4、zations will no longer be able to subsidize processes and jobs that glorify hierarchical control but turn off the spigot on knowledge-flow. Futurist George Gilder describes a world where the economy is based on sand, glass and air. Sand is the silicon used to make microchips, the building blocks of
5、computingand that building block is growing exponentially. The performance of microchips doubles every 18 months.【答案】一旦你翻开新的一页，你就不能指望马上完全改变。有时你肯定会犹豫不决。关键是要满足于渐进的改进，预料并接受任何变化带来的偶然失误。即使在你以更加坚定和自信的方式处理这些决定之后，你也不能指望你的孩子会立即做出反应。在一段时间内，他们将继续施加过去行之有效的旧压力。但一旦他们知道唠叨和争论不再有效，他们最终会尊重你的决定。最后，你和你的孩子都会因此而更快乐。这种趋势正
6、在迅速加速，原因很简单：信息就是力量，而技术使信息变得民主化和普遍化。因此，组织将不再能够资助那些美化等级特权并阻止信息交流的工作体系了。未来学家乔治吉尔德描述了一个以沙子、玻璃和空气为基础的经济世界。沙子是用来制造微芯片的硅，芯片（计算机世界的建筑材料）正以指数级的速度增长。微芯片的性能每18个月翻一番。2. 单选题Some of the online services are free, while others（ ） a charge.问题1选项A.carryB.cashierC.coincideD.collect【答案】D【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项carry“拿，运送，携带”；B选项
7、cashier“开除，解雇”；C选项coincide“同时发生，相符，一致”；D选项collect“收集，收藏，收取”。while表示对比关系，由Some of the online services are free（一些在线服务是免费的）可知其它一些是收费的，因此选D。句意：有些在线服务是免费的，有些则收取费用。3. 单选题The residents, （ ）had been damaged by the flood, were given help by the Red Cross.问题1选项A.all their homesB.all whose homesC.all of whose
8、 homesD.all of their homes【答案】C【解析】考查非限制定语从句。本句的主干为The residents were given help by the Red Cross. “_had been damaged by the flood”前后有逗号，为非限制性定语从句，先行词the residents与home之间是所属关系，故用关系代词whose，whose homes作为一个整体充当介词of的宾语。句意：所有房屋都被洪水破坏的居民得到了红十字会的帮助。4. 单选题They fear it could have a(n) （ ）effect on global fin
9、ancial markets.问题1选项A.sizeableB.adverseC.beneficialD.consequential【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项sizeable“相当大的”；B选项adverse“不利的，有害的，反面的”；C选项beneficial“有利的，有益的”；D选项consequential“随之而来的，相应发生的，重要的”。由句中的fear（害怕，担心）可推测effect（影响）是指不好的、不利的影响，因此选B。句意：他们害怕它会对全球金融市场有不利的影响。5. 单选题（ ）scientists have observed increased pollut
10、ion in the water supply.问题1选项A.LateB.LaterC.LatterD.Lately【答案】D【解析】考查形近词辨析。A选项late“晚的”；B选项later“后来的，以后，其后”；C选项latter“（刚提及的两者中）后者的，（系列中）最后的”；D选项lately“最近，近来”。根据have observed可知句子为现在完成时，因此选D。句意：最近，科学家们观察到供水中的污染增加了。6. 单选题The question of salary increase will（ ）at the next general meeting.问题1选项A.come offB
11、.come upC.come toD.come through【答案】B【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项come off“成功，离开，举行，实现”；B选项come up“发生，被提出，被讨论，走近”；C选项come to“恢复知觉，苏醒”；D选项come through“安然度过，批准通过，获得成功”。空格处为谓语动词，其主语为The question of salary increase（增加工资的问题），故B选项符合语境。句意：增加工资的问题将在下一次大会上被提出。7. 单选题Plastic heart valves and other human “spare parts” have （ ）
12、possible many recent developments in surgery.问题1选项A.made itB.been madeC.madeD.become【答案】C【解析】考查语态。句子的主语为Plastic heart valves and other human “spare parts”（塑料心脏瓣膜和其他人体器官“零件”），宾语为many recent developments（最近许多的发展），主语与宾语之间为主动关系，故排除B选项。句子的宾语在possible后面不需要形式宾语，故排除A选项。have become possible表示“成为可能”，have made
13、 possible表示“使成为可能”，根据句意可知C选项符合语境。句意：塑料心脏瓣膜和其他人体器官“零件”使最近许多的发展成为可能。8. 单选题One of the recurrent frustrations and tragedies in the history of thought is caused by the uncertainty（ ）to solve a given problem by traditional methods previously applied to problems which seem to be of the same nature.问题1选项A.t
14、hat is possibleB.whether it is possibleC.that it is possibleD.about what is possible【答案】B【解析】考查同位语从句。句子主干为One of the recurrent frustrations and tragedies is caused by the uncertainty（反复出现的挫折和悲剧之一是由不确定性引起的），由空格前的uncertainty（不确定性）可知此处表示的是“一种可能性”。因此选B，由whether引导的同位语从句对前面的抽象名词uncertainty进行解释说明。句意：思想史上反复
15、出现的挫折和悲剧之一，是由不确定性引起的，即是否用传统的方法来解决一个给定的问题，这些方法以前应用于看起来性质相同的问题中。9. 单选题A young man sees a sunset and, unable to understand or express the emotion that it（ ）in him, concludes that it must be the gateway to a world that lies beyond.问题1选项A.reflectsB.retainsC.radiatesD.rouses【答案】D【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项reflect“反射（光、热、声或影像）”；B选项retain“保持”；C选项radiate“辐射，发射”；D选项rouse“唤醒，激起（某种情感）”。句中的it 指代前面的sunset，根据语境，可知选D，表示“the e
