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1、2022年考博英语-湖南农业大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（附答案带详解）1. 单选题It（ ）at least 50% off the regular price of either frames or lenses when you buy both.问题1选项A.entitles you toB.provides youC.supplies you forD.gives you to【答案】A【解析】考查固定搭配。A选项entitles you to“给你权”；B选项provides you“提供你”；C选项supplies you for“为你提供”；D选项gives you to“给你
2、”。句意：当你镜框和镜片都买了的话，它会给你镜框或者镜片半价的折扣。这里答案选A，只有当你镜框和镜片都买，你才有半价权利。provide后面不能接双宾语，所以不选；give可以接双宾语，所以不需要加to；supply一般与with或者to搭配，所以C选项错误。2. 单选题The director gave me his（ ）that he would double my pay if I did my job well.问题1选项A.warrantB.obligationC.assuranceD.certainty【答案】C【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项warrant“根据，证明”；B选项obl
3、igation“责任”；C选项assurance“保证，担保”D选项certainty“必然，确定”。句意：主管给我（）如果我工作做得好他会给我双倍工资。根据从句后面的内容涨双倍工资只是一个保证，所以答案选C，A选项是指一种书面的证明，所以不能选。3. 不定项选择题The brain is organized into different regions, each responsible for different functions, and in humans this organization is very marked. The largest parts of the brain
4、 are the cerebral hemispheres, which occupy most of the interior of the skull. They are layered structures, the most complex being the outer layer, known as the cerebral cortex （大脑皮层）, where the nerve cells are extremely densely packed to allow great interconnectivity. Its function is not fully unde
5、rstood, but we can get some indication of its purpose from studies of animals that have had it removed. A dog, for example, can still move in a coordinated manner, will eat and sleep, and even bark if it is disturbed. However, it also becomes blind and loses its sense of smell more significantly, pe
6、rhaps, it loses all interest in its environment, not responding to people or to its name, nor to other dogs, even of the opposite sex. It also loses all ability to learn. In effect, it loses the characteristics that we generally refer to as indicating intelligence awareness, interest and interaction
7、 with an environment, and an ability to adapt and learn. Thus the cerebral cortex seems to be the seat of the higher order functions of the brain, and the core of intelligence. The cerebral cortex has been the subject of investigation by researchers for many years, and is slowly revealing its secret
8、s. It demonstrates a localization of functions, in that different areas of the cortex fulfill different functions, such as motion control, hearing and vision. The visual part of the cortex is especially interesting. In the visual cortex, electrical stimulation of the cells can produce the sensation
9、of light, and detailed analysis has shown that specific layers of neurons are sensitive to particular orientations of input stimuli, so that one layer responds maximally to horizontal lines, while another responds to vertical ones. Although much of this structure is genetically predetermined, the or
10、ientation-specific layout of the cells appears to be learnt at an early stage. Animals bought up in an environment of purely horizontal lines do not develop neuron structures that respond to vertical orientations, showing that these structures are developed due to environmental input and not purely
11、from genetic predetermination. This is called self-organization of the visual cortex since there is external teacher to guide the development of these structures.1. The organization of brain is characterized by（ ）.2. According to the passage, a dog can still move in a coordinated manner, will eat an
12、d sleep, and even bark when（ ）is (are) removed.3. The word “seat” in line 12 of the first paragraph means（ ）.4. The visual part of the cortex is especially interesting because（ ）.5. Which of the following headings is the best title for this passage?问题1选项A.the interior of the skullB.different regions
13、 responsible for different functionsC.the outer layer the cerebral cortexD.the nerve cells densely packed问题2选项A.nerve cellsB.the skullC.the hemispheresD.the cerebral cortex问题3选项A.a chairB.part of the bodyC.place where something is or where something is carried onD.cortex问题4选项A.specific layers of neu
14、rons are sensitive to particular orientations of input stimuliB.much of the structure is genetically predeterminedC.horizontal lines are stimulatedD.vertical lines are stimulated问题5选项A.The Cerebral CortexB.The specific Layers of NeuronsC.The Organization of the BrainD.The Cerebral Hemispheres【答案】第1题
15、:B第2题:D第3题:C第4题:A第5题:A【解析】第1题:事实细节题。题干：大脑组织的特点是。A选项“头骨的内部”；B选项“不同的区域负责不同的功能”；C选项“the outer layer the cerebral cortex”；D选项“神经细胞密集排列”。第一段第一句话The brain is organized into different regions, each responsible for different functions, and in humans this organization is very marked.（大脑被组织成不同的区域，每个区域负责不同的功能，在人类中这个组织非常明显），因此答案选B。第2题:事实细节题。题干：根据这篇文章，狗被除去（）仍然可以移动，吃饭和睡觉，甚至吠喊。A选项“神经细胞”；B选项“头骨”；C选项“半脑”；D选项“大脑皮层”。根据题干定位到第八九句话In effect, it loses the characteristics that we generally refer to as indicating intelligence awareness, interest an
