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1、反意疑问句特殊情况30例2011-07-09 14:00:14| 分类： Grammar 语法 | 标签：|字号大中小 订阅反义疑问句的形式：反意疑问句是附加在陈述句之后,对所陈述内容提出质疑或通过反问以强化陈述内容的一种疑问句。总体原则：如果陈述部分是肯定的,附加部分用否定形式；如果陈述部分是否定的,附加部分用肯定形式。附加部分的助动词和代词应与陈述部分一致。例如： They are students , arent they ? They arent students , are they ?特殊情况小结：1.在由“祈使句+疑问部分”构成的反意疑问句中，疑问部分通常用will youPas
2、s me the dictionary , will you ?把词典递给我好吗？Dont do that again , will you ? 别再做那件事好吗？应特别注意带有主语的祈使句。例如：Alice , you feed the bird today , will you ?But I fed it yesterday.2.在含有let的祈使句后的反意疑问部分，如果let的宾语us包括听者（常写成lets）时用shall we；不包括听者（常写成let us）时用will you。Let的宾语是me时,要根据意思用will you或may I。let的宾语是第三人称时用will yo
3、u。例如：Lets go for a walk , shall we ? 我们去散步好吗？Let us do it by ourselves , will you ? 让我们自己做这件事好吗？Let me have a look at your photo , will you ? （你）让我看看你的照片好吗？Let him speak first , will you ? （你）让他先说好吗？3.当陈述部分含有must时,要注意must的含义。表示一定要,必须时,反意疑问句附加部分用mustnt或neednt。例如： He must work hard at physics , mustnt
4、 he ? You must renew the book , neednt you ?表示推测一定是,必定是时,反意疑问句附加部分有下列情况:A).当陈述部分有must be .时,反意疑问句附加部分用be 的现在时态。 He must be very tired , isnt he ? He must be working hard at the office , isnt he ?B). must have +过去分词 表示对过去的推测a).单纯表示对过去的推测,与现在无关,反意疑问句附加部分用过去式。b).表示对过去的推测且影响到现在或持续现在,反意疑问句附加部分用现在完成式。 He
5、must have come yesterday , didnt he ? You must have studied English for years , havent you ? He must have lived here at least ten years , hasnt he ?4.若陈述部分含有表“推测”意义的情态动词“can”时，其反意疑问句的疑问部分要根据情态动词之后的实义动词的人称、时态而定。例如：Jack cant be in the reading room, is he? (cant be“表一般现在时。”)He cant have gone home, has
6、he? (cant have gone home表“现在完成时”)She cant have gone to the party last night, did he? (cant have gone to the party last night表“对过去情况的猜测”。)5当陈述部分的主语为nothing , anything , everything，something等不定代词时，反意疑问部分的主语用it。例如：Nothing could prevent him from going there , could it ?什么也阻止不了他去那里，对吗？6.当陈述部分的主语为someone
7、, somebody , no one , none , nobody , anyone , anybody , everyone，everybody ,等不定代词时，反意疑问部分的主语用they或he。例如：Somebody took my umbrella away yesterday , didnt they / he ?昨天有人拿走了我的雨伞，是吗？7.若陈述部分的主语是this, that时，疑问部分的主语用“it”代替；若陈述部分的主是these, those时，则疑问部分的主语用“they”代替。例如：This is an interesting story , isnt it
8、?Those are your classmates , arent they ?8.若陈述部分的主语是one时，疑问部分的主语常用“one”代替，偶尔用“you”代替。例如：One cant know what will happen in the future , can one? /can you?One should learn more knowledge now , shouldnt one? /shouldnt you?9.若陈述部分的主语是“the +形容词”表一类人时，疑问部分的主语用they代替；若是表某一抽象概念时，疑问部分的主语用“it”代替。例如：The rich a
9、re not always very happy , are they ?The young should respect the old , shouldnt they ?The beautiful isnt always good , is it ?10.当陈述部分是主从复句时，疑问部分中的动词和代词应和主句中的动词和主语保持一致 ，而不是和从句中的动词和主语保持一致 。例如：They know that he is from England , dont they ?11.当陈述部分带有that从句作宾语时，反意疑问部分应与主句的主语和谓语一致。陈述部分是I /we think / su
10、ppose /believe/imagine时，反意疑问部分应与that从句的主语和谓语一致.但要注意否定转移。例如：He said his father had been sent to hospital , didnt he ?他说他父亲已送去医院了，是吗？I think hell come to help us with our work , wont he ?我想他会来帮助我们工作，是吗？I believe you have met each other before ,havent you?我相信你们以前彼此见过面，对吗？I suppose they are waiting for
11、us now , arent they ?我猜想他们正在等我们，是吗？I dont think he is fit for the job , is he ?We think they have finished their homework, havent they ?注意:当think等这些动词的主语不是第一人称,或主语是第一人称,而动词时态不是一般现在时或一般过去时,这时,反意疑问句的助动词和人称代词要与主句保持一致。Mary thinks you will come to the party , doesnt she ?We had never thought she would pl
12、ay so well in the match , had we ?我们从没想到她在比赛中能发挥得这么好，是不是？12.当陈述部分是由“Im sure that ; Im afraid that ; We are sure that ; We are afraid that ; I feel sure that ; I hope that ; We feel sure that ; It seems that”等句型构成时，因主要意思在从句，故疑问部分的主语要与从句的主语保持一致。例如：Im sure that you know him well , dont you ?Im afraid t
13、hat he hasnt finished that work , has he ?I hope you dont mind my speaking frankly , do you ?It seems that you are an expert , arent you ?13.若陈述部分含有由连词”but , and , or , for”等构成的并列句时，则反意疑问句的疑问部分要根据第二个分句的主谓语来决定。例如： We forgot to bring our tickets ,but please let us enter , will you ?He failed many time
14、s , but he succeeded at last , didnt he ?He is a doctor , but his wife is a teacher , isnt she ?I speak Chinese , but he speaks English , doesnt he ?We must hurry , or we will be late for class , wont we ?She studies hard , for it is the third time that she has been praised , isnt it ?14.若陈述部分是主从复合句
15、，则疑问部分的主语要根据主句的主语而定。例如： When youve finished with that book ,dont forget to put it back on the shelf , willyou?She was cooking when I came home , wasnt she ?It wont matter if Im late for supper , will it ?You know that not everyone can operate the machine , dont you ?He said that he had been to New York , didnt he ?15.当陈述部分有“It is/was the first(second, third, etc)time +that从句”这一结构时，其反意疑问句的疑问部分要与“It is/was”保持一致。例如：It is high time that you went to school , isnt it ?It was the second time that he had been in love that year , wasnt it ?16
