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1、初四英语导读题纲（初三下Unit2）pronunciation,n.发音pronounce,v.发音 grammar语法 aloud出声地，打声地, differently,不同地， quickly,快地 add,加，补充 excited,激动的，兴奋的slowly,慢地 mistake,错误，过失 realize,认识到，了解到 afraid害怕的secret秘密， complete完整的, term学期 sentence句子, trouble困难, fast快地/的, deal,处理 soft软的 unless如果不，除非, regard将。视为, duty责任，义务, easily容易地
2、, influence影响, friendship友情, lose失去，丧失, face面对，面临, soldier军人,本单元的话题是讨论如何学习英语。这个话题既有趣又实用，既能锻炼我们的语言能力，又能使我们学到一些实用的方法，对自身的学习大有帮助。如何向别人请教学习方法呢？又如何回答呢？请诵读下面的目标句型： How do you study English? by studying with a group. by watching English programs on TV. by enjoying English songs. by taking part in English c
3、lasses after school. by reading English magazines and newspaper. by surfing the Internet. by making flashcards. by reading the textbook. by asking the teacher for help. by taking notes carefully. by having the English class carefully. by 的用法 介词，表示通过.方法或途径的意思，译成靠，通过，后面可加名词或名词短语。 e.g.1) go by train /b
4、oat/ bus 乘火车（船，公共汽车）去 2) I study English by watching English movies. 我通过看英文电影学英语。 另外，by作为介词的意义有很多，我们也已经学过一些用法，总结如下： 1) 在.旁边，靠近 e.g. There is a factory by the river. 河边有一个工厂。 2) 沿着，经由 e.g. come by the highway 由公路来 3) 由于 e.g. by mistake 由于差错 4) 被，由 e.g. some articles written by Lu Xun. 一些由鲁迅写的文章 5) 逐批
5、 e.g. one by one 一个接一个 Howquestions how的用法很多，它还常与别的词一起构成多种特殊疑问句，表示不同的意义。1. how 用在问候语中。如：How do you do? (你好！)这是初次见面时的问候语，答语也用How do you do?2.how用来询问身体健康状况，意为怎么样。如：-How is your mother?你妈妈身体怎么样？-She is very well.她很好。3. how 用来询问做事的方式或手段，意为怎样。如：-How do you come to school? 你怎样来上学？-By bike.骑自行车。 -How do yo
6、u study for a test?-By working with friends.4. how 用来询问动作的执行的程度，意为怎么样。如：-How do you like this book？你觉得这本书怎么样？-Very much. 非常喜欢。5. How about.？意为怎么样？相当于What about.？，用来询问情况或征求意见。如：How about playing football?踢足球怎么样？My father is a teacher. What about yours? 我的父亲是位老师，你父亲呢？6. how old 意为多大，用来询问年龄。如：-How old
7、are you?你多大了？-Im eleven. 我十一岁。7. how many/much 意为多少,用来询问某物的数量。how many 用来对可数名词提问， how much 用来对不可数名词提问。如：How many pears are there on the table?桌上有多少个梨？How much bread do you want？你想要多少面包？8. how much 意为多少钱，用来询问价格。如：-How much are these things?这些东西多少钱？-Ten yuan.十元。9. how long 意为多久，多长，既可以用来询问时间有多久，又可以询问某物
8、有多长。如：1.-How long does it take you to do your homework every day? 你每天做作业要花多长时间？-About two hours.大约两个钟头。2.-How long is this street? 这条街有多长？-About two hundred meters.大约两百米。教学过程Step 1 Do some exercises1._(到去年底)，I had learned about 2,000 English words.2.I like reading the books _(鲁迅写的)3.My grandfather o
9、ften goes fishing_(在湖边)。4.How does your mother go to work every day?_(乘公交车)5.你如何学英语？6.我们需要多少牛奶？7.你家到学校多远？8.你昨晚花了多长时间做作业？9.你多久购物一次？10.你的休息日怎么样？Step 2 Words Exercises:1. Please pay attention to your_(发音)。2. How _(quick) my French has improve!3. We were_(excite) when we heard the good news.4. I did wel
10、l in this test,because I had few_(错误)in it.5. When I got to school ,I _(意识到) I had left my homework at home.6. Dont tell others about it ,its our _(秘密)。7. Im sorry to t_ you.8. Its our d_ to keep the city clean.9. Thanks to the _(士兵)，we were saved in the earthquake.10. If you study harder,youll pass
11、 the exam _(easy).Step 3 Phrases and sentencesPhrases:1. ask the teacher for help向老师求助 e. g.ask the police for help 2.the best way to do sth./the best way of doing sth.做某事的最好方法 3.make mistakes 犯错误 4.be afraid to do sth./be afraid of doing sth.害怕做某事 5.laugh at 嘲笑 6.look up 查询，查找（在字典或参考书） 7.as a secon
12、d language 作为又一门语言 8.deal with 处理，应付 9.by learning to forget 通过学会忘记 10.decide (not) to do 觉得（不）做某事 11.regardas把。当作。 12.late on 以后，随后 13.It doesnt matter.没关系14.take notes 记笔记15.go by （指时间）消逝16.break off 突然中止17.read aloud to practice pronunciation 大声阅读来练习发音Sentences:1. How do you study for a test? I s
13、tudy by listening to tapes./studying with a group你怎样为考试而学习？我通过听录音/小组学习来学的2. Do you practice conversations with friends?你和朋友练习会话吗?3. The best way to learn English is by reading English magazines.学英语的最好方法是通过读英语杂志4. Joining the English club is also the best way to improve English.加入英语俱乐部也是提高英语的最好方法5. I
14、f you dont know how to spell new words,look them up in a dictionary.如果你不知道怎样拼单词,在字典里查找它们6. Time goes by ,and good friends may be lost.随着时间的流逝,好朋友可能会失去7. It is our duty to try our best to deal with each challenge in our education.尽力处理我们教育中的个个挑战是我们的责任8. Lets not worry about problems.咱们别担心问题9. I dont have a partner to practice English with.我没有同伴练习英语10. She had trouble making complete sentences.她造完整的句子有困难。课堂小测填入正确单词1.He has never been to the Great Wall ,N_have I.2.He always r_me as his best friend.3.Tom!P
