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1、Lesson 45 The power of the press新闻报道的威力New words and expression 生词和短语democratic adj. 民主的 democratic country 民主的国家Democratic party 民主党 dem?kr?t ?k Republican party 共和党 democracy d ?m?kr?s? n. 民主，民主主义；民主政治Despotism ?desp?t?z?m 专制，独裁dictatorshipn. 专政；独裁权；独裁者职位词根：dictatoradj. ?d?kt?t?ri?l dictatorial独裁的
2、，专政的；专横傲慢的adv.dictatorially自大地；独裁地n.dictator 独裁者；命令者看看地道英文解释，体验区别Despotism is a form of government by a single authority, either an individual(Despot), or tightly knit group, which rules with absolute political power. dictatorship: a form of government inwhich the ruler is an absolute dictator (not
3、restricted by a constitution or laws or opposition etc.)也就是说前者可以是指人，也可以指整个统治团体。后者指个人统治下的政府restrict vt. 限制 =keep within a certain limit. （ to limit or control ）-The prisoners activity is restricted within narrow limits.辨析limit表示时间 ,空间 ,数量等方面的限定,且限定到某一个点,如果超出这个点很可能受到罚。restrict 只说明限制范围-Land development
4、 must be limited. 我们必须限制土地的开发。-He restricts himself to two cigarettes everyday. 他每天限制自己抽两只烟。restrict sb to/ restrict sthrestrainv. 抑制 ,克制 ,限制 (可指彻底阻止也可指将纳入控制/约束之中，强迫意味，可表示自我抑制)restrain sobsrestrain tearsrestrain ones angereg. She was so excited that she could hardly restrain herself.restrain oneself
5、 from smokingrestrain oneself from drinkingconfinev.控制在范围内（空间上受限）confine sb.to-I confine myself to two cigarettes a day.-The boy is confined to the dark room.-The boy is restricted to the dark room.cramp kr?mp vt. 限制（某人的活动或限制动植物的生长）-Nobody can cramp children.-You can not cramp my activity.crampedadj
6、.窄小的adj. limited in space狭小的cramped roomcramped officecramped traincramped writingcramp kr?mp n. 抽筋，痉挛clampn 夹具的总称v 夹住viceplier（ vt. 束缚，限制；使抽筋；以铁箍扣紧n 钳子 ; 夹子(Also called cramp iron) also N in pl）have/get a cramp什么地方抽筋了/be seized with cramp 被什么束缚，限制roomyadj.空间大的，宽敞的第 1 页a roomy housea roomy carspacio
7、us spe?s adj. 宽敞的（ is large in size or area）a spacious roomcapacious k?pe?s adj. able to contain a lot容量大的（ has a lot of space to put things in.容量大的正式 usu ADJ n 常做定语 ）a capacious bagcommodious k ?m?d?s adj.宽敞的（文）a commodious houseexpansive ?ksp?ns ?v adj. （土地）辽阔，广阔的 扩张的，健谈的，豪爽的 an expansive village
8、面积很大的一个村子hamper ?h?mp ?(r) v. 限制，妨碍 ,困累（侧重因受到约束或阻碍而造成的某方面行动困难）-What hampered you to do so?-The housewife has a lots to do every day,because she is hampered by povert 被贫困所困扰。-My limited vocabulary hampers my reading.impede?m?pi:d v. 限制，阻碍（相当于hamper）impede doing sth-Nothing will impede my studying Eng
9、lish.boundv.限定，以为界限abuse v.滥用(to deliberately use something for wrong purpose)权利，药物，酒精，暴力等等-Don tabuse your authority. 不要乱用职权。-We shouldn tabuse oue rights.不要乱用自己的权力。-For VIP,they shouldn tabuse their privilege.abuse power 滥用职权abuse trust辜负了别人的信任（欺骗）abuse children虐待儿童eg. He abused his body with hero
10、in and cocaine.contention k?n?ten?n 论点 n. 争论，争吵，观点，论点，不同意见 (formal)(contending; quarrelling or disputing; argument used in contending)eg. Acting on the contention that facts are sacred, reporters can cause untold suffering to individuals.a bone of contention容易引起争论的话题eg. Jerusalem is forever a bone o
11、f contention.contendv.竞争，争论contend with sb/against sb for stheg. Five runners contended against each other in the final.决赛中，五名赛跑选手一决胜负。contend against prejudice 与偏见作斗争contend against temptation 与诱惑作斗争discord?d?sk?:dn.不和 (文学性 )n.不和；不调和；嘈杂声vi. 不一致；刺耳sow discords between 挑拨离间untolda.=too many to be cou
12、nted 数不尽的-There are untold stars in the sky.-I am afflicted by/with untold anxieties.untold suffering极大的烦恼/countless suffering /innumerable suffering第 2 页untold misery 极大的痛苦untold damage 极大的损失numerous a.无数的countless a.无数的-As hunma being ,we can tkeep ourselves free from countless anxieties.countable
13、:can be counteduncountablenumberless 无数的，没有房号的-This is a numberless room.numberable 数得清的innumberable 不能数得清的（偏向于指能力）South Dakotad?k ?ut?n. 达科他（美国过去一地区名，现分为南、北达科他州）adj. 达科他人的It s in the north and middle of America which is divided into North and South Dakota.perpetual a. 永久的，永远的，永恒的 (不休止的，一直持续下去的 ,用于不
14、易受阻的 ) 没完没了的（贬义） -They are as poor as church mouse, they are have to struggle against perpetual poverty.perpetual noise 没完没了的噪音perpetual nagging 没完没了的嘟囔perpetual conflicts 战火不断反义词temporary 临时的temporary jobs 临时工作Endless a.-You can appreciate endless unbroken clouds. -Studing English is our perpetual(endless) task. eternal a.永恒的，永久的，不朽的（ =immortal ）-His name is immortal because the longest suspension bridge was named for him.permanenta.非临时的，永久的
