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1、2022年考博英语-上海交通大学考试题库及模拟押密卷（含答案解析）1. 单选题Poverty and domestic violence make it easy for her to trust that bad things will happen and take this （ ） happiness away.问题1选项A.adversaryB.vulgarC.fragileD.superfluous【答案】C【解析】形容词辨析题。adversary敌手，对手；vulgar粗俗的，本土的；fragile脆的，易碎的；superfluous多余的。句意：贫穷和家庭暴力让她很容易相信坏事会
2、发生，并带走这种脆弱的幸福。只有选项C符合句意。2. 单选题Helen Kellers work gave comfort and encouragement to other handicapped people who （ ） might have led a hopeless life.问题1选项A.thereforeB.thusC.orD.otherwise【答案】D【解析】考查逻辑关系。句意：海伦凯勒的工作是给其他残疾人以安慰和鼓励, 否则他们可能会过着绝望的生活。前后构成转折关系,选项D正确。3. 单选题According to （ ） sources, the Leaning T
3、ower of Pisa is to be up righted under a restoration plan by the Italian Government.问题1选项A.conformedB.confirmedC.informedD.transformed【答案】B【解析】形容词词义辨析。 conformed一致的,顺从的; confirmed确定的,坚定的; informed消息灵通的,见多识广的; transformed转变的。句意：据可靠消息, 在意大利政府的一项恢复计划中, 比萨斜塔将得到修复。选项B符合原文。4. 单选题The kitchen was small and（
4、 ）so that the disabled woman could reach everything without difficulty.问题1选项A.complexB.completeC.compactD.composite【答案】C【解析】形容词辨析题。complex复合的, 复杂的; complete 完整的, 彻底的; compact 紧凑的, 简洁的; composite 混合的, 综合的。句意：厨房小而紧凑，残疾妇女可以毫不费力地够到任何东西。选项C符合句意。5. 单选题Normally Americans do not assess their visitors in rel
5、axed surroundings over prolonged small talk; much less do they take out for dinner, while they develop a pre-business sense of trust and rapport. Rapport to most of them is less important than performance. They seek out credentials of past performance rather than evaluating a business colleague thro
6、ugh social manners. Since they generally assess and probe professionally rather than socially, they start talking business very quickly.Most Americans live in time segments by engagement calendars. These calendars may be divided into intervals as short as fifteen minutes. They oftengivea person two
7、or three (or more) segments of their calendar, but in the business world they almost always have other appointments following hard on the heels of whatever they are doing. Time is therefore always ticking in their inner ear.1.Americans are slaves to nothing but the clock. This means（ ） .2.It can be
8、inferred from the passage that since Americans value time highly, they（ ） .3.According to the passage, Americans evaluate their business colleague based on（ ） .4.Which of the following statement is true according to the passage?5.Which might be the best title of the passage?问题1选项A.Americans values t
9、he clock highly.B.Americans are slaves to anything else rather than the clock.C.Americans are slaves to the time rather than anything else.D.Americans are slaves to luxurious clock.问题2选项A.hate someone else wasting timeB.are short-temperedC.are restlessD.hope to gain some return from the passed time问
10、题3选项A.pre-business sense of trust and intimacyB.the past performanceC.the social courtesiesD.the prolonged small talk问题4选项A.Americans have one appointment after another.B.Between two appointments there might be 150 minutes rest.C.Americans can always hear the clicking of the clock.D.Americans agenda
11、s are always fully engaged.问题5选项A.The Thing Americans Do Save TimeB.Time in Americans Eyes.C.Americans Way to Save Time.D.Time: A Precious Commodity to Americans.【答案】第1题:C第2题:D第3题:B第4题:C第5题:B【解析】1.细节推断题。根据第二段的第二句Time is treated as if it were an almost tangible entry.人们似乎把时间当做是一个实实在在的东西来对待。说明美国人很看重时间
12、, 选项C正确。2.细节推断题。根据第三段的第一句, 美国人高度重视时间, 所以他们讨厌那些过度浪费时间的人, 选项A表达有误。根据第三段的最后一句, 如果他们没有从过去的时间里得到些什么作为回报, 他们会焦躁不安。也就是说他们希望时间流逝过后, 自己能有所收获, 而不是碌碌无为, 所以选项D符合原文。3.细节事实题。根据第四段的倒数第二句They seek out credentials of past performance rather than evaluating a business colleague through social manners.他们寻找过去业绩的证明, 而不是
13、通过社交礼仪来评估一位商业同事。选项B正确。4.细节判断题。根据最后一段的首尾两句可知,美国人总是被时间追赶着,能听见钟表的声音。选项C符合原文。5.主旨大义题。本文主要讲述美国人的时间观念。选项B正确。6. 单选题Anesthetics are substances（ ） to deaden pain or produce a condition in which some or all of the senses, especially touch, stop functioning or are reduced.问题1选项A.divertedB.enforcedC.exercisedD.
14、administered【答案】D【解析】动词辨析题。divert转移；enforce实施，执行，常指法律的实施；exercise运动，练习 ；administer管理，作为治疗或药物使用。句意：麻醉药是一种用来镇痛的物质，或者使部分或全部感觉，尤其是触觉，停止运行，或降低运行。administer 可以用来指药物的实施。 所以选项D正确。7. 单选题The doctor was in a （ ） as to whether to tell the patient the truth or a lie.问题1选项A.prudenceB.dilemmaC.secrecyD.psychology【答案】B【解析】名词辨析题。prudence谨慎；dilemma困境，进退两难；secrecy保密；psychology心理学。句意：医生陷入进退两难的困境，不知该告诉病人真相还是谎言。选项B符合句意。8. 写作题Directions: For this part, you are allowed 45 minutes to write a short essay of about 300 words following the picture given below: (1) Describe the picture. (2) Give your opinion. Write th
