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1、2022年考博英语-首都经济贸易大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（附答案带详解）1. 翻译题Translate the following into Chinese.Most people benefit from international trade, for the same general reasons that most people benefit from the division of labor within nations and within localities. By participating in a broader community within which i
2、ndividuals and groups sell what they can produce with the greatest (comparative) efficiency, people can secure a far greater quantity and variety of goods than each individual could possibly obtain if he had to produce every one himself. There are, of course, many instances when blocking or limiting
3、 trade can bring advantages to particular groups at the expense of the broader society. But the more these groups succeed in enforcing such restrictions, the lower the standard of living and the slower the pace of economic growth for the community as a whole.As with communities, so too with nations.
4、 Specific interests can gain from import restrictions and economic theory even recognizes cases in which a trade barrier might leave an entire nation better off albeit at the expense of other nations. In most circumstances, however, open trade - by maximizing economic efficiency enhances the welfare
5、 and the standard of living of the nation and of the wider world.【答案】大多数人从国际贸易中获益，这跟大多数人从国家内部和地方内部的分工中获益的原因大致相同。通过参与一个更广泛的社区，这个社区中个人与团体以最高的（相对）效率出售他们所能生产的产品，人们获得的商品数量与种类远远超过自己能生产的。当然，在很多情况下，组织或者限制贸易能够给某些特定群体带来好处，代价是整个社会的利益。但是，这些团体越是成功地执行这些限制，整个社区的生活水平就越低，经济增长的速度就越慢。 社区如此，国家也是如此。特定的利益能够从进口限制中获得，经济理论甚
6、至承认，在某些情况下，贸易壁垒可能常会使国家经济变得更好，尽管是以别国利益为代价。然而，在大多情况下，开放贸易通过最大化经济效率提高国家和更广泛世界的福利和生活水平。 2. 单选题Color and sex are not relevant （ ）whether a person is suitable for the job.问题1选项A.onB.forC.toD.with【答案】C【解析】考查固定搭配的介词。be relevant to表示“与相关的”，句意：人种和性别与一个人是否适合工作无关。因此，本题正确答案为C项。3. 单选题Air pollution （ ）to many kind
7、s of diseases.问题1选项A.confirmsB.communicatesC.consumesD.contributes【答案】D【解析】考察动词词义辨析。confirm“确认；确定；证实”；communicate“传达；感染；显露”；consume“消耗，消费”；contribute “贡献，捐献”。contribute to “有助于，捐献”。句意：空气污染导致各种疾病。4. 单选题Workers in the fine arts （ ）thoughts and feelings through their creative works.问题1选项A.transmitB.ela
8、borateC.conveyD.contribute【答案】C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A项transmit表示“传输”；B项elaborate 表示“精心制作，详细描述”；C项convey表示“传达”；D项contribute 表示“贡献”。根据句意可知，精细工艺的工人通过有创造性的作品来 思想和感情。因此，本题选择C项最符合句意。5. 单选题If a person fails to conform to conventional behavior, he is likely to be by others.问题1选项A.preservedB.instructedC.avoidedD.sel
9、ected【答案】C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据关键信息fails to conform to conventional behavior可知，这种行为不合常规。那么别人有可能会因此生厌，敬而远之。词组be avoided by others表示“被他人远离（或排挤）”，最符合句意，A选项preserved表示“保护，保存”；B选项instructed表示“指示，教育，指导”；C选项表示“”；D选项selected表示“选择，挑选”。因此，本题正确答案为C项。【句意】如果一个人行为不合常规，那么别人很可能对他敬而远之。6. 单选题Modern forms of transportation
10、and communication have done much to （ ）the isolation of life in Alaska.问题1选项A.break throughB.break downC.break intoD.break out【答案】B【解析】考查动词词组辨析。A项break through表示“突破，突围”；B项break down 表示“打破；出故障”；C项break into表示“闯入”；D项break out表示“突发，爆发”。根据Modern forms of transportation and communication以及isolation可知，句意应
11、为现代交通运输和通信方式非常有利于打破阿拉斯加生活的闭塞，因此本题正确答案为B项。7. 单选题Have your ever heard the old （ 1 ）,Never judge a book by cover? This is a good rule to（ 2 ）when trying to judge the intelligence of others. Some people have（ 3 ）that shine only in certain（ 4 ）. A young man with an unusual（5） in creative writing may find
12、 himself（ 6 ）in the presence of a pretty girl. He（ 7 ） awkwardly for words and does not talk smoothly. But dont make the（8 ）of thinking him stupid.（9 ）a pen and paper, he can express himself very well.Other people may（10）overestimating their intelligence by（11）a good appearance. A student who listen
13、s attentively and（12） in class is （13） make a favorable impression on his teachers. But when it（14 ）to exams, he may score near the（15）of the class.The（16）idea is that you cant judge someone by appearance. The only way to determine a persons intelligence is to get to know him. Then you can observe（1
14、7） he reacts to different situations. The（18）situations you observe, the more accurate you judgment is（19 ）to be. So（20）. Dont judge the book by its cover.问题1选项A.speakingB.sayingC.teachingD.talking问题2选项A.followB.obeyC.watchD.observe问题3选项A.heartsB.headsC.mindsD.brains问题4选项A.conditionsB.situationsC.circumstancesD.occasions问题5选项A.presentB.handC.penD.gift问题6选项A.motionlessB.hopelessC.speechlessD.helpless问题7选项A.searchesB.looksC.studiesD.calls问题8选项A.errorB.faultC.mistakeD.wrong问题9选项A.FromB.WithC.InD.By问题10选项A.fool you awayB.fool you aroundC.foo
