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1、A bstractD iscourse m arkers, as a com m on linguistic phenom enon,play an im portant role in both linguistic generation and interpretation.A t present,discourse m arkers are attracting m ore and m ore scholars to do research from various perspectives, m aking itone of the m ost im portant topics in
2、 linguistic study and m eanw hile gaining huge achievem ents. A lthough these researches have provided us w ith deep insight into discourse m arkers, there stillexistsm uch room to be explored.This thesisstudiesdiscourse m arkersthatare used in Am erican President O bam aspeeches under the theoretic
3、 fram ew ork of VerschuerensA daptation Theory in the hope of calling m ore attention to the im portance ofdiscourse m arkers and the pragm atic strategies ofdelivering a speech in the choice of discourse m arkers.This thesisconsistsofsix chapters.The firstchapteristhe introduction part.On thebasis
4、of a survey into the earlier attem pts to define discourse m arkers,the present study sets forth a w orking definition of discourse m arkers,w hich has a w ider coverage of the expressions that have been treated as discourse m arkers by differentscholars,enables the research to dealw ith a variety o
5、felem ents underthe sam e conceptualum brella.In C hapter Tw o, four different perspectives in the previous study of discourse m arkers are presented:the discourse-coherence-based perspective,the gram m ar pragm atic perspective, the cognitive-pragm atic perspective and the m eta-pragm atic perspect
6、ive. In com parison,the A daptation Theory ofV erschueren provides us w ith a new perspective and a m ore com prehensive theoreticalfoundation forthe study ofdiscourse m arkers.C hapter Three is theoretical fram ew ork. This chapter focuses on the A daptation Theory of Verschueren. Verschuerens A da
7、ptation T heory is a theory of behavior and cognition about hum an language com m unication. It takes choice and adaptation as its foundation, and explores the psychological m echanism of hum an linguistic com m unication,and its process and the roles of social cultures.Itreveals the essence of the
8、language use.A daptation Theory is regarded as a com prehensive pragm atic theoryivw ith strong inclusive and explanatory capacity forlanguage.C hapter Four and Five discuss respectively how the speaker chooses discourse m arkers in order to achieve different com m unicative aim s in accordance w it
9、h m any factors such as m entalw orld,physicalw orld and socialw orld,along w ith the dynam ical adaptable process and m eta-pragm atic aw areness of the speaker. W ith adaptation to the m ental,physical and social w orld of the audience,discourse m arkers are chosen by the speakerin the speech disc
10、ourse as indicators of hesitation and consideration,as indicators of coherence,as indicators of reinforcem ent,and as indicators ofcom m ent in the speech. It is believed thatalthough discourse m arkerdontbear propositionalm eaning,they are indispensable to the fulfillm ent of different com m unicat
11、ive purposes, thus reflect the utterers m eta-pram atic aw arenessto agreatextent.ChapterSix istheconcluding rem arks.T hischaptersum m arizessom e m ajorfindingsofthe thesis and statesthe theoreticaland practicalvaluesofthestudy.Atthesam e tim e,it points out som e of the lim itations ofthis study
12、and puts forw ard som e suggestions for furtherstudy.T hrough the presentstudy,w e find the em ploym entofdiscourse m arkers in is actually a product of dynam ic adaptation to various contextual factors. D iscourse m arkers are not only a linguistic phenom enon, but also a com m unicative strategy.
13、C om m unicators em ploy discourse m arkers to achieve som e com m unicative goals.K ey w ords: discourse m arkers; speech w ords; A daptation Theory; m eta-pragm atic aw arenessvC ontents独创性声明.i摘要.iiA bstract.iv C hapter O ne Introduction.1 1.1A im and Significance11.2 R esearch B ackground21.3D efinition ofthe K ey term s31.3.1E arly D efinitions of D iscourse M arkers.31.3.2 W orking-definition in T his Paper.51.4 D ata C ollection and R esearch M ethod.7 C hapter Tw o L iterature review 92.1A n O verview ofStudieson D iscourse M arkers.9 2.1.1T he D iscourse-coherence-based Perspective.
