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1、大家论坛托福版块旧托福听力 Part C2004 年 8 月演讲 1：Id like to share with you today my experience with a new approach to building ahouse. Its called Envelop Building. Essentially, what it means is that as you arebuilding a house, you try to leave the landscape feature on the land, especially thevegetation in the ori
2、ginal condition. So what you are not doing is the usual practice ofland scraping. By which I mean literally scraping or cleaning the land of any and allthe original plants. Why is the approach called Envelop Building? Because instead ofclearing everything away, you let your original landscape elemen
3、ts envelop orsurround your house. Let the vegetation physical features such as hills and slopes orinteresting rock formations, constituted a significant part of the character of thebuilding sight. The design of the house should take these features of the property intoaccount. Actually integrating yo
4、ur original wild landscape with a house is not that new.The famous American architect Wright was doing it about 65 years ago. So we are ingood company. Envelop Building is not as easy as it sounds though. Its not just thatyou build your house and leave the land alone. By building, you are already da
5、magingthe original landscape. But as architects, we should try to work with environment, notagainst it. A creative architect can find ways to incorporate natural landscape into theoverall design. For example, why used the massive boulders on the side of one of themost famous houses as part of the ho
6、use foundation?演讲 2：Today we are going to talk about copyrighting works of art. A copyright is a proof ofauthorship. It protects artists against someone else using their work without theirpermission. Its important to remember that United States Copyright Law protectsartistic expressions such as pain
7、tings, but does not protect any ideas, concept,procedure or technique. In all the United States Copyright Law, Artists needed to takeseveral steps to obtain copyright protection. The law as changed in 1978 and again1989. For artists the current law means everything they create is automatically andim
8、mediately copyrighted. They dont have to file any documents and under theprotection of the Copyright Law, any recreation of their original work such as printsare also covered by the artists copyright. Further more, any changes artists made totheir original works are covered. The Law also makes it cl
9、ear that when someonebuys the work of art, they are not allowed to destroy or change that work of art.Artists keep the copyright even after selling the work of art. The purchaser may buythe physical work, but the right to make prints or copies is still the artists and buyersdoes not automatically ha
10、ve any right to make and sell prints or copies of work.Although works are automatically copyrighted, artists are encouraged to register theirwork with United States Copyright Office. Registering art provides additional legalprotection and also gives the people around the world the ability to approac
11、h thehonors about licensing and purchasing right.演讲 3：Today lets talk about synesthesia, thats a brain condition in which a persons第 1 页 共 47 页大家论坛托福版块sense are combined in a unusual ways. For example, a person with synesthesia maytaste sounds. To them, a musical note may taste like a pickle. Many p
12、eople who havesynesthesia experience intense colors when they hear specific words. For example,they might see a flash of pink every time they hear the word “jump”. For a long time,many scientists were unconvinced that synesthesia really exists. So in the 1990s anexperiment was done to find our for s
13、ure. Two groups were studied. One was a groupof people who claim to experience colors when they heard certain words. The otherwas a controlled group, people who experience nothing out of the ordinary whenhearing words. Each group was asked to describe the colors they thought of whenthey heard a list
14、 of spoken words. When the test was repeated, the difference betweenthe two groups was startling. After just a week, the controlled group gave the sameanswers only a third of the time. But even a year and a half later, the synesthetic groupgave the same answers 92% of the time. Clearly, this is not
15、just a matter of memory.Scientists are still not sure just why synesthesia happens. But certain drugs arereportedly able to produce it artificially. So we all probably have brains withconnections that could synesthesia. Its just the connections normally we used in thatway.2004 年 5 月演讲 1：Today lets c
16、onsider the neutrino and the resolves of some experiments down in the1995 at the Los Alamos national laboratory in New Mexico, which bear on theneutrino. These resolves suggest that this little particle does indeed have mass thattiny bet to be sure but measurable by the very sensitive instruments of that lab. The
