浅谈幼儿攻击行为与自我调控能力的关系 浅谈幼儿攻击行为与自我调控能力的关系论文 摘要 攻击行为又被称为侵犯性行为，其开展与控制是开展心理学最重要的研究领域之一幼儿攻击性行为的开展状况会影响幼儿人格、品德的开展，并且伴随着全球范围内攻击与暴力问题日趋严重，相关研究因其重要意义而更受到研究者和社会的重视，也取得了一系列重要的进展 关于幼儿攻击性行为的影响因素，已有研究揭示了幼儿攻击性行为的发生开展与其生理、认知、情绪情感和社会环境等内在和外在的因素相关许多研究也说明，自我控制能力和情绪调节能力作为幼儿认知和情绪开展的重要表现，与幼儿攻击性行为间有相关关系而实际上，攻击性行为是一种复杂的行为，不会仅受单一因素的影响并且，情绪调节策略是情绪调节能力的重要指标，幼儿对情绪调节策略的选择和应用，与幼儿自我控制这种心理活动是紧密相关的，进而影响幼儿的行为表现，因此，幼儿攻击性行为、自我控制能力和情绪调节策略之间应当存在着复杂的关系 本研究采用同伴提名、问卷调查等研究办法探讨了3-5岁幼儿攻击性行为的开展特点及其与自我控制能力和情绪调节策略间的关系具体研究的问题包括：幼儿攻击性行为的一般开展特点及幼儿攻击性行为、自我控制能力和情绪调节策略间的关系。
采用整群抽样的办法，从济南市三所幼儿园选取236名幼儿为研究被试，采用同伴提名法考察幼儿攻击性行为，采用问卷调查法评定幼儿的自我控制能力和情绪调节策略的运用 研究获得下列结论： 第一，3-5岁幼儿攻击性行为具有显着的性别差别和年龄差别：男孩的身体攻击、言语攻击、财物攻击多于女孩；4岁组幼儿的身体攻击和财物攻击多于3岁组和5岁组，且5岁组攻击性行为最少；但言语攻击和关系攻击无年龄差别 第二，相关分析说明，幼儿身体攻击和财物攻击分别与自制力、自觉性、坚持性和自我延迟满足间呈显着负相关，言语攻击与除自我延迟满足外的三个维度负相关显着，关系攻击与自制力间负相关显着，与其他维度无相关；回归分析说明，自制力、自觉性和坚持性能够显着负向预测身体攻击和财物攻击；自制力和自我延迟满足对言语攻击有负向预测作用 第三，相关分析得出，幼儿发泄策略的使用与身体攻击、言语攻击、财物攻击和关系攻击之间均呈显着正相关，身体攻击和言语攻击与问题解决策略的运用正相关显着，关系攻击和言语攻击与自我抚慰策略的运用也呈显着正相关；回归分析说明，发泄策略的运用能够显着地正向预测幼儿的身体攻击、财物攻击、财物攻击和关系攻击的发生。
第四，发泄策略在自制力、自觉性、坚持性、自我延迟满足与身体攻击间起局部中介作用，发泄策略在自觉性、坚持性、自我延迟满足与言语攻击、财物攻击间分别起局部中介和完全中介作用，发泄策略在自觉性、坚持性与关系攻击间起局部中介作用 关键词：攻击行为；自我控制能力；情绪调节策略 Abstract:Aggressivebehaviors'developmentandcontrolisoneofthemostimportantresearchfieldsofdevelopmentalpsychology.Thedevelopmentofchildren'saggressivebehaviorscanaffecttheirpersonality,moralcharacter,andtheattackandviolenceisbecominganincreasinglyseriousproblemworldwidely,sotheresearchersandsocietyattachesgreatimportancetotherelatedreseachesfortheirimportantsignificance,andaseriesofimportantprogresshasbeenmade. Onthefactorsofchildrenaggressivebehavior,Existingresearcheshaverevealedtheoccurrenceanddevelopmentofyoungchildren'saggressivebehaviorsarerelatedtotheirinnerfactorslikephysiological,cognitive,emotionalfeelingsandouterfactorssuchassocialenvironment.Manystudieshaveshownthatasanimportantperformanceofchildren'scognitiveandemotionaldevelopment,self-controlabilitiesandemotionregulationabilitiesareassociatedwithchildren'saggressivebehaviors.Infact,aggressivebehaviorisakindofcomplexbehavior,andisnotonlyinfluencedbysinglefactors.Moreover,emotionalregulationstrategyisanimportantindexofemotionregulationability,theselectionsandapplicationsofemotionregulationstrategiesarecloselyrelatedtochildren'sself-controlwhichisonekindofpsychologicalactivities.Therefore,acomplicatedrelationshipshouldbeexistedamongchildren'saggressivebehaviors,selfcontrolabilitiesandemotionregulationstrategies. Inthisstudy,weadoptedpeernominationandquestionnairesurveymethodstoexplorethedevelopmentcharacteristicsof3-5yearsoldchildren'aggressivebehaviorandtherelationshipamongchildren'saggressivebehaviors,self-controlabilitiesandemotionregulationstrategies,either,thesearethespecificresearchquestionsofthisstudy. 236participantsfromthreekindergartensinjinanhadbeenselected,peernominationmethodisusedtoinvestigateyoungchildrenaggressivebehavior,Theirparentsandteachershavebeenaskedtoevaluatethechildren'sself-controlabilitiesandemotionregulationstrategies. Themainfindingsofthestudywereasfollows: 1.Therewereremarkablegenderandagedifferencesin3-5yearsoldchildrenaggressivebehavior,Boysshowedhigherlevelofphysicalaggression,verbalaggression,propertyaggressionthangirls;4yearsoldgroupshowedhigherlevelofphysicalaggressionandpropertyaggressionthan3yearsoldand5yearsoldgroup,moreover,5yearsoldgroupshowedthelowestlevel;therewerenoageandgenderdifferencesinchildren'sverbalaggressionandrelationalaggression. 2.Correlationanalysisshowedthatremarkablenegativecorrelationwasexistedbetweenphysical,propertyaggressionandcontinence,consciousness,persistence,self-delayofgratification;Inadditiontotheself-delayedgratification,otherdimensionswerenegativelyrelatedtoverbalaggression;relationalaggressiononlywererelatedtocontinence;Regressionanalysisshowedthatcontinence,consciousness,persistencecannegativelypredictphysicalaggressionandpropertyaggression;continenceandself-delayofgratificationcannegativelypredictverbalaggression. 3.CorrelationanalysisshowedthatremarkablepositivecorrelationwasexistedbetweentheuseofVentstrategyandphysicalaggression,verbalaggression,propertyaggression,relationalaggression;physicalaggressionandverbalaggressionwerepositivelycorrelatedtoProblemsolvingstrategy;thesamerelationshipbetweenrelationalaggression,verbalaggressionandSelfcomfortstrategy;RegressionanalysisshowedthattheuseofVentstrategycanpositivelypredictallkindsofaggressions. 4.Ventstrategyworkedasthepartialintermediaryvariablebetweencontinence,consciousness,persistence,self-delayofgratificationandphysicalaggression;Ventstrategyworkedasthepartialandcompleteintermediaryvariablerespectivelybetweenconsciousness,persistence,self-delayofgratificationandverbalaggressionandpropertyaggression;Ventstrategyworkedasthepartialintermediaryvariablebetweenconsciousness,persistenceandrelationalaggression;KeyWords:aggressivebehavior;self-controlabilities;emotionregulationatrategies. 目录摘要 Ab。