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1、国际贸易实务(英文版 )International Trade Practice周瑞琪王小欧徐月芳编著Chapter twoIV. Short questions1.Who pays for loading for shipment under FOB?答： Seller.2.Who pays for unloading under CIF?答： Buyer.3.Compare and contrast FOB, CFR and CIF?答： Similarities: a. Seller s risk will be transferred to the buyer when the goo
2、ds passthe ship s rail. b. Seller is responsible for export customs formalities while buyerisresponsible forimportcustoms formalities.c. Buyeris responsibleforunloading the goods at the port of destination. d. All three terms can only be usedfor waterway transportation. Differences: a. FOB requires
3、the buyer to arrange and pay for the ocean transportation; CFR requires the seller to arrange and pay for the ocean transportation; CIF requires the seller to arrange and pay for the ocean transportation and insurance against the buyer s risk.4.What are the two types of trade terms concerning the tr
4、ansfer of risks?答：Shipment contract terms vs. arrival contract terms. Under shipment contract termsseller risk willbe transferred tothe buyer before the goods depart fromplace/port of shipment. Under arrival contract terms seller will bear the risk ofthe goods until the goods arrive the destination.
5、the5.What are the differences and similarities between CPT and CFR?答： Majorsimilarities:a. seller should contract and pay forthe majorcarriage. b.Selleris nottakingthe riskofloss ordamage tothe goods duringthetransportation. Difference:a. CPTis applicable toany kind of transportationmode while CFR i
6、s only used for waterway transport. b. Under CPT sellerwillbe transferred tothe buyerwhen thegoods are handed overto the first s riskcarrier nominated by seller. Under CFR seller s risk will be transferred when thegoods pass over the ship s rail.6.What are the differences and similarities between CI
7、P and CIF?答： Majorsimilarities:a. seller should contract and pay forthe majorcarriage. b.Selleris nottakingthe riskofloss ordamage tothe goods duringthetransportation. c. Seller must obtain insurance against buyer s risk. DifferenceCPT is applicable to any kind of transportation mode while CFR is on
8、ly used forwaterway transport. b. Under CPT seller s risk will be transferred to the buyerwhen the goods are handed over to the first carrier nominated by seller. UnderCFR seller s risk will be transferred when the goods pass over the ship s ra7. If you trade with an American, is the sales contract
9、subject to Incoterms without any doubt? What should you do?答： No. The Revised AmericanForeign Trade Definitions1941 is stillinuse,especially among the North American area. It has different interpretation aboutsome tradeterms. Thetraders shouldclarifythe choice of rules beforeanyfurther discussion.8.
10、What are the most commonly used trade terms?答： FOB,CFR & CIF.9. Who is responsible for carrying out customs formalities for exports under an FOB contract?答： Seller. According to Incoterms 2000, except EXW and DDP these two terms, all the other eleven terms require the seller to handle the export cus
11、toms formalities, while buyer the import customs formalities.10. If a Chinese trader signs a FOB Hamburg contract, is he exporting or importing?答： Importing. FOB should be used with a“ named port of shipmenturg”, isif Hambthe port of shipment, from the Chinese trader s perspective, he is importing.V
12、 Case Studies1. An FOB contract stipulated, The shipment will be effected in March 2008. If thevessel fails to arrive at the port of shipment on time, the seller agrees to set aside the goods for additional 27 days, and the buyer will bear all costs of delay. it turned out that under the sellers rep
13、eated requests, the vessel named by the buyer finally arrived at the port of shipment on May 1. As a result, the seller refused to make the shipment.(1) Was the seller entitled to compensation for the warehouse rent, insurance and interest due to the delay?(2) If the seller had sold the goods to a t
14、hird party on April 25, should the buyer pay for the delay?(3) If the seller had sold the goods to a third party on May 1 with a better price, was he entitled to any compensation?析：a 案例中提到“ shipment will be effected in March 2008这种确定”装，运时间的方式允许在整个3 月份期间的任何时间进行装运。也即是说， 装运的最后期限为 08 年 3 月 31 日。 b 文中提到的“ additional 27 days ”根，据合同卖方同意在买方船期延误的情况下为其将货物保留到4月27日。（ 1）答案： Yes。答题切入点：a FOB 术语关于双方费用划分的规定；b 合同本身的条款规定。
