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1、2005年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题132005年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题Section IUse of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1 (10 points)The human nose is an underrated tool. Humans are often thought to be insensitive smellers compar
2、ed with animals, this is largely because, animals, we stand upright. This means that our noses are to perceiving those smells which float through the air, the majority of smells which stick to surfaces. In fact, , we are extremely sensitive to smells, we do not generally realize it. Our noses are ca
3、pable of human smells even when these are to far below one part in one million.Strangely, some people find that they can smell one type of flower but not another, others are sensitive to the smells of both flowers. This may be because some people do not have the genes necessary to generate smell rec
4、eptors in the nose. These receptors are the cells which sense smells and send to the brain. However, it has been found that even people insensitive to a certain smell can suddenly become sensitive to it when to it often enough.The explanation for insensitivity to smell seems to be that the brain fin
5、ds it to keep all smell receptors working all the time but can new receptors if necessary. This may explain why we are not usually sensitive to our own smellswe simply do not need to be. We are not of the usual smell of our own house, but we new smells when we visit someone elses. The brain finds it
6、 best to keep smell receptors for unfamiliar and emergency signals the smell of smoke, which might indicate the danger of fire.1.A althoughB asC but（C）D while2.A aboveB unlikeC excluding（B）D besides3.A limitedB committedC dedicated（A）D confined4.A catchingB ignoringC missing（C）D tracking5.A anywayB
7、thoughC instead（B）D therefore6.A even ifB if onlyC only if（A）D as if7.A distinguishingB discoveringC determining（D）D detecting8.A dilutedB dissolvedC dispersed（A）D diffused9.A whenB sinceC for（D）D whereas10.A unusualB particularC unique（B）D typical11.A signsB stimuliC messages（C）D impulses12.A at fi
8、rstB at allC at large（A）D at times13.A subjectedB leftC drawn（D）D exposed14.A ineffectiveB incompetentC inefficient（C）D insufficient15.A introduceB summonC trigger（D）D create16.A stillB alsoC otherwise（B）D nevertheless17.A sureB sickC aware（C）D tired18.A tolerateB repelC neglect（D）D notice19.A avail
9、ableB reliableC identifiable（A）D suitable20.A similar toB such asC along with（B）D aside fromSection IIReading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1 (40 points)Text 1Everybody lov
10、es a fat pay rise. Yet pleasure at your own can vanish if you learn that a colleague has been given a bigger one. Indeed, if he has a reputation for slacking, you might even be outraged. Such behaviour is regarded as “all too human,” with the underlying assumption that other animals would not be cap
11、able of this finely developed sense of grievance. But a study by Sarah Brosnan and Frans de Waal of Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia, which has just been published in Nature, suggests that it is all too monkey, as well.The researchers studied the behaviour of female brown capuchin monkeys. They
12、look cute. They are good-natured, co-operative creatures, and they share their food readily. Above all, like their female human counterparts, they tend to pay much closer attention to the value of “goods and services” than males.Such characteristics make them perfect candidates for Dr. Brosnans and
13、Dr. de Waals study. The researchers spent two years teaching their monkeys to exchange tokens for food. Normally, the monkeys were happy enough to exchange pieces of rock for slices of cucumber. However, when two monkeys were placed in separate but adjoining chambers, so that each could observe what
14、 the other was getting in return for its rock, their behaviour became markedly different.In the world of capuchins, grapes are luxury goods (and much preferable to cucumbers). So when one monkey was handed a grape in exchange for her token, the second was reluctant to hand hers over for a mere piece
15、 of cucumber. And if one received a grape without having to provide her token in exchange at all, the other either tossed her own token at the researcher or out of the chamber, or refused to accept the slice of cucumber. Indeed, the mere presence of a grape in the other chamber (without an actual monkey to eat it) was enough to induce resentment in a female capuchin.The researchers
