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1、09高考英语易错题解题方法大全（5）：阅读理解【示例1】Edward Wilson is Americas, if not the worlds, leading naturalist. In The Future of Life, he takes us on a tour of the worlds natural resources (资源). How are they used? What has been lost? What remains and is it able to continue with the present speed of use? Wilson also p
2、oints out the need to understand fully the biodiversity (生物多样性) of our earth.Wilson begins with an open letter to the pioneer in environment (环境) protection Henry David Thoreau. He compares todays Walden Pond with that of Thoreaus day. Wilson will use such comparisons for the rest of the book. The p
3、roblem is clean: man has done great damage to his home over the years. Can the earth, with human help, be made to return to biodiversity levels that will be able to support us in the future?Biodiversity, Wilson argues, is the key to settling many problems the earth faces today. Even our agricultural
4、 crops can gain advantages from it. A mere hundred species (物种) are the basis of our food supply, of which but twenty carry the load. Wilson suggests changing this situation by looking into ten thousand species that could be made use of, which will be a way to reduce the clearing of the natural home
5、s of plants and animals to enlarge farming areas.At the end of the book, Wilson discusses the importance of human values in considering the environment. If you are to continue to live on the earth, you may well read and act on the ideas.72. We learn from the text that Wilson cares most about .A. the
6、 environment for plantsB. the biodiversity of our earthC. the waste of natural resourcesD. the importance of human values73.How many species are most important to our present food supply?A. Twenty.B. Eighty C. One hundred.D. Ten thousand.74.Wilson suggests that one way to keep biodiversity is to .A.
7、 learn how to farm scientificallyB. build homes for some dying speciesC. make it clear what to eatD. use more species for food75.We can infer that the text is .A. a description of natural resources B. a research reportC. a book review D. an introduction to a scientist 参考答案及解析72.【错解分析】典型错误A.错因分析没有抓住文
8、章的重点,以次代主,以点代面. 【解题指导】 本题属于判断推理题. 这类题要求学生在理解文章中直接陈述的观点或描述的事实基础上，领悟作者的弦外之意，得出符合作者意愿的结论，即作者没有在文章中明说的。要得出正确的推理仅以阅读材料为前题还不够，还必须结合自己应有的常识。本题的关键提示信息在第三段中的第一句话.【答案】本题的正确选项为B.73.【错解分析】典型错误D.错因分析是学生审题不细. 【解题指导】本题是细节理解题.学生们在做此类试题时,可以采用查读法,即带着问题寻找答案,同时要注意审题.【答案】本题的正确选项为A.74.【错解分析】典型错误A.错因分析信息错位,释意不清. 【解题指导】本题是
9、细节理解题.属于间接辨认题,要正确地理解文章中具体信息的含义,并用同义或是近义的形式复述出来.本题的选项依据为第三段的最后一句话.【答案】本题的正确选项为D.75.【错解分析】典型错误A.错因分析关键信息没有抓住,以点代面. 【解题指导】本题是推理判断题.推理判断要根据文章中的信息来判断,不能依据自己的主观判断,也不能以点代面.本题推断依据为文章开始部分的The Future of Life一书的基本内容,然后重点谈及Biodiversity的重要性,最后根据文章最后一段,由此可以判断出本题选C项.【答案】本题的正确选项为C.【练习1】WANG Hao and Wang Liqin, two
10、of Chinas top table tennis players, both saw the World Table Tennis Championships as a chance to prove themselves. But there was only one champion (冠军) and Wang Hao, 25, won it last Tuesday in Yokohama , Japan.Wang Hao, who won the mens doubles title with Chen Qi last Monday, played with spirit to b
11、eat Wang Liqin 11-9, 13-11, 11-5, 11-9.Wang Hao said it was his mental toughness (心理稳定) that made the difference. I was disappointed by my performances in past championships and the last two Olympic Games. But I have tried to pull myself together and prepared well. This is the result.Wang Hao said h
12、e has always understood the importance of physical training and technical skills. Now he knows the need for mental preparation as well. Having two Olympic silvers had left him feeling bitter (痛苦的). The bitterness perhaps explains why he has not always played at his best in the past.Ive come to under
13、stand that you can learn important lessons from failure, he said. Losing can build your character and make you a stronger player. His next goal, or dream, is to win the gold medal at the London Olympics in 2012.Liu Guoliang, head coach of Chinas table tennis team, sang the praises of Wang Haos victo
14、ry. This is just the beginning of his rise, said Liu. Its the confidence-booster he needs to make further progress. 1. According to the passage, Wang Hao won _ gold medals in the World Table Tennis Championships in Yokohama, Japan.A. only one B. two C. three D. four2. From Wang Hao, we can know the
15、main reason for his beating Wang Liqin is _. A. his technical skills B. his physical training C. his mental toughness D. his past experience3. What is the next goal of Wang Hao? A. To win the title of the champion at the 2012 Olympics B. To beat Wang Liqin again C. To prove himself in the future competitions D. To win more golds in future4. What can we learn from Wang Hao? A. Failure is the mother of success. B. Never give up until you succeed. C. Where there is a will, there is a way. D. A good beginning makes a go
