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1、Howto Get tePoor off Our CcienceJohn Kenh GabahGuid t ReadingJhn Kenneth Galbrait s te Pal MWarburgPrfessorof Eonomic， merius荣誉退职(或退休)的，退休后保留头衔的an emeritus professor (=a professor emeritus)荣誉教授, atHrvar nvrity。 H i nternatnallyown for his develpment o Kynesian keinzin 凯恩斯的、凯恩斯主义的：约翰梅纳德凯恩斯的经济理论的或与之有关
2、的；尤指提倡政府通过财政项目来提高就业并刺激商业活动的理论；Keynes凯恩斯，约翰梅纳尔：(1883-1946) 英国经济学家，他认为严重的失业是由于消费需求的不足，可以通过一些政府资助项目来缓解。他也提倡政府通过赤字开支来刺激经济活动 andposteynesianconois The theoretical foundation of Post Keynesian economics is the principle of effective demand, that demand matters in the long as well as the short run, so that
3、 a competitive market economy has no natural or automatic tendency towards full employment.as well asfo iswriti ad hs tie involvemnt mica oliticIn 1958 albraith pulisdTh Afuent Society， wic halengd themy o th U。S enomys relianc o tegsnato product fr itsial stbiliy, osiig 1. To affirm or assume the e
4、xistence of; postulate.假定，断定：证实或假定的存在；2. To put forward, as for consideration or study; suggest: 提出以供考虑或研究；建议iseadat consumes tasefr xur ds dctated控制，支配；决定；对有决定性影响：The choice of computer is dictated by our special needs.对计算机的选择取决于我们的特殊需求。teconmys fous at th expese o tecommonwelre The titleo ths eay
5、sem tsuggestthatroessor Galbraiths joning othr hiosophers ad econoss i trying to fid atheoroget the oorof our conscie。 Tsimpession ill nt chane ntl we me tote ndof the essay an unlesswe ave a fim grasp of the onione o te witig. In the essay,the horbrings upfivehistorical solutons for gettng h por of
6、 orconscience He honcenratson fie uren dsgnsfr gettin e oor fur cnsciece. In presentng he histrial soluton, h aho is impici nsriticism.Hever，hecomes ou in the op坦率,公开谈,公开 Other newspapers that had been aware of the problem then followed suit, forcing the Government to come out into the open. 其他意识到这个
7、问题的报纸也相继做了报道，迫使政府把事情公布于众。 wenhedels with the currn dsigns. Glbrai des tmine 客气地说，委婉地说，欲言又止，吞吞吐吐，温和地表示： to mince no words不吞吞吐吐，直言不讳Dont mince matters, please.请直率地说吧。words i critizngaganscomi polcy, eseilly his rocketi rocket: To soar or rise rapidly迅速上升或猛涨rocketing prices价格飞涨eense bdget。 albrit wart
8、the e ofte essy “ivl disontentan is onequence dnt ce frocontened peop.” e poins outha to makethe pooconnted i in he iteres of 为了，为了的利益；符合的利益Whatever we do must be in the interest of the people. 我们所做的一切必须符合人民的利益。e igusness. oda th ga in walth betweenthe chand thepoorin he Unted Stat av grow ider. cor
9、din to edera Reseve （美国）联邦储备系统 reprof Jan。 2,2003，thdiffrnce inmedan 中央的；中间的；居中的；当中的; 中线的; 中(位)数的, 中值的net wealth净财产 beteente 10% of fmile ih tehghest coes ndthe0of familes with the lowes incomes jumped (价格等)暴涨，突升；猛增Oil prices jumped in the past year.在过去一年中，石油价格猛涨。The steel output is jumping.钢产量正在猛增。
10、70% from 198 throg21。 e mdin icome of 201 fo t lowest 20% ffamilies was 39,90 while h median incoe frthe higest 10o famiiesas 69,600。 Yeth us dmistrtin i pushi though使(某人或某事)被通过，使(提案等)获得通过:We shall need all the votes we can get to push the new law through.我们需要我们所能得到的所有选票，才好使新的法律得以通过。 onges aax ct pl
11、an whi wll ainy enefit hehighincome famlie. Somecoists rect th hemlemetatin the Buh tacupla willexaerbateekssbeit; iz- To increase the severity, violence, or bitterness of; aggravate 加重(病情、痛苦、烦恼等)，使(病、痛)恶化(或加剧)，使(痛苦等)更甚(或加深)： to exacerbate ill feeling使恶感加深to exacerbate relations between employers an
12、d workers使雇主与工人之间关系恶化th polariatn A concentration, as of groups, forces, or interests, about two conflicting or contrasting positions.两极分化If the rich keep getting richer and the poor poorer, polarization will emerge. The socialist system must and can avoid polarization. 如果富的愈来愈富，穷的愈来愈穷，两极分化就会产生，而社会主
13、义制度就应该而且能够避免两极分化. Americansociet. Wi ti i id, we wil fid Galbraithessaystil highlyrelevantad hs ingt dmirabe His wang is stillvald for theBu Adnitrat The term Bush administration is most commonly associated with one of two presidents of the United States with the name Bush: George H. W. Bush#Preside
14、ncy (1989-1993), the Executive Branch under the 41st president of the United States, 1989-1993 Presidency of George W. Bush, the Executive Branch under the 43rd president of the United States, 2001-2009 . Glbitswriinginoedfor t luciity (思想、风格等的)明晰，明白，清楚; 洞察力adpesivnes Thi is clerly evet ithcurent ssy。 His sillflemploymnt f irony，rom hurus rony t bitter atir， provs exceent exlesfo
