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1、岩体力学专业词汇preface（前言）let a hundred flowers blossom and a hundred schools of thought contend: 百花齐放，百家争呜 like the Eight Immortals crossing the seas, each showing his true wor 比：八仙过海，各显神通INTRODUCTION （绪论）traffic and carrying trade:交通运输业water conservancy and hydroelectric projects: 水利水电事业magnum opus:代表作di
2、scontinuities 不连续面structure feature:构造形迹structural plane :结构面structural body:结构体synthetical investigation of rock mass 岩体综合调查engineering classification of rock mass 岩体工程分类acoustic emission 声发身寸hydraulic weakening properties 水理性gravitational stress 自重应力tectonic stress 构造应力deadweight 自重surrounding roc
3、k 围岩self-supporting action 自支承作用photo-elastic 光弹monitoring and predictions 监测和预报geomechanics地质力学ABC基本知识Chapter 11.1texture of rock岩石的结构complete stress-strain curve 全应力应变曲线acoustic emission 声发射divaricate .分为两叉compaction limit 压密极限servo-controlled material test machine 伺服控制材料试验机working principle 工作原理h
4、omeostasis:动态平衡carrying capacity 承载能力closed loop control system 闭环控制系统load cell荷载传感器tensiometer 弓 I 伸计linear differential transformer 线性差动变压器function generator 函数发生器servo-valve 伺服阀behavior 性状elastic after-effect 弹性后效plastic lag ring 弹性滞环 elastic modulus 弹性模量 Poissons ratio 泊桑比transversely isotropy:横
5、观向向同性 end effect端部效应 single shear 单面剪double shear 双面剪static resistance strain instrument 静态电阻应变仪 resistance- inductance strain instrument 电阻电感应变仪 XY function recorder X-Y 函数记录仪load cell荷载传感器translation confining pressure 转化围压1. 2visco-elastic strain 粘弹性应变 visco-plastic strain 粘塑性应变instantaneous stat
6、e creep stage 瞬态蠕变段 stable state creep stage 稳态蠕变段 accelerative creep stage 加速蠕变段 constant load test 常载荷试验 step loading test梯级荷载试验 isochroous curves 等时曲线 aging theory老化理论continue effecting theory:继效理论1. 3Glaubers salt:芒硝Montmorillonite:蒙脱石Bentonite:斑脱土texture of rock岩石的结构 sheet-frame texture 片架结构 po
7、rphyry-based texture ?斑基结构 foliation texture 板理结构 schistosity texture 片理结构 gneissosity textur e：片麻理结构 dialyse析离体Exogenous inclusion捕虏体，外源包体 nongraded texture :非等粒结构俘虏 porphyritic texture 斑状结构 water-resistance 抗水性 flow plane structure 流面构造flow line structure 流线构造 foliated structure 板状构造 blocky struct
8、ure 块状构造 bedded structure 层状构造 meso-scale细观尺度scanning electronic microscope (SEM )扫描电镜 lange-angle bifurcates 大角度分叉real time dynamic observation 实时动态观测 intercrystalline cracks 晶间裂纹 branched cracks 分枝裂纹cross crystal rupture 穿晶破裂 ultrasonic technique 超声波技术 Noncrystalline rock 非结晶岩 sedimentary chipping
9、 rock 沉积碎屑岩 matrix cementation 基质胶结 contact cementation 接触胶结pore cementation 孑 L隙胶结 disintegrate 崩解slake-durability index 耐崩解指数 rock closed void闭型空隙open void开型空隙big open void大开空隙 small open void 空隙 bedded structure 层状构造 water absoption 吸水率 water-saturated rate 饱水率 water saturated coefficient 饱水系数 so
10、fteness coefficient 软化性系数 hydrophilicity 亲水性slake-durability index 耐崩解性指数 drying and weting circulating test 干湿循环试验 global grains球状颗粒1.4most tensile strain criterion 最大拉应变准贝0 Mohr Coulomb criteria 莫尔准则 conjugate shear failure 共轭剪切破坏 the most principal plane 最大主平面chapter 2surfaces appearance 形貌fragme
11、nt size of structural bodies 结构体的块度interformational sliding 层间错动 fault braccia:断层角砾secondary altered mineral:次生蚀变矿物Thick-bedded 厚层的Attitude of structural plane 结构面的产状fragment size of structural bodies 结构体的块度 medium-badded:中厚层的interbed互层，夹层chessboard joints:棋盘格式节理angle-columnar 角柱状wedge-cone 楔锥slope
12、climbing 爬坡basic frictional angle 基本摩擦角argillization interlayer 泥化夹层intercalation with mud 夹泥层chipping intercalation 碎屑夹层breccia chipping intercalation 角砾碎屑夹层filling degree 充填度undulate difference 起伏差spalling off 片帮bottom heaving 底鼓fracturing and settlement 断陷rock mass engineering structure 岩体工程结构fla
13、tly inclined 缓倾斜combined determinant curve: 组合判定曲线clock gauge 千分表gradationally one time cycle approach 逐级一次循环法 gradationally multi-time cycle approach 逐级多次循环法 aperture of joints 节理张开度covert tiny joints 隐微节理emission transducer 发射换能器surface wave 表面波body wave 体波Love wave勒夫波Rayleigh wave 瑞利波S-waveS 波P-w
14、aveP 波sound wave 声波frequency segment 频段ultrasonic 超声波secondary sound wave 次声波seismic wave 地震波engineering blasting 工程爆破shock wave冲击波wave front 波前Amplitude spectrum 振幅谱initial phase angles 初相角phase spectrum,相位谱natural filtering 天然滤波frequency analysis 频谱分析smoothness n.平滑，柔滑，光滑，平坦geophysical exploration
15、 地球物理勘探local area characteristic 局域特性window Fourier transform.窗 口傅立叶变换orthogonal-bais 正交基rapid Fourier transform 快速富立叶变换wavelet transform 小波变换self-adaptability 自适应性self-adaptive 自适应wavelet pocket analysis 小波包分析quality factor of medium介质的品质因数power-output amplifier 功率放大器accepting probe 接收探头prime amplifier 前置放大器oscillograph 示波器trigger gate 触发门attenuation coefficient :衰减系数free attenuation sampling curve 自 由衰减的采样曲线free attenuation fitting curve:自由衰减拟合曲线harmonic wave method :谐波法standing wave 驻波emission transducer:
