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1、2022年考博英语-西安交通大学考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 写作题For this part, you are required to write a composition of no less than 150 words according to /he following topic. Please write your composition clearly on the Answer Sheet providedTOPIC: Do you want to take a job that is well-paying but demands highly or a job
2、that pays you moderately but demands lightly? Please choose one option and write an essay of at least 150 words. Please use adequate material to support your position. 【答案】My Choice on Job2. 翻译题1.But another new study provides the first solid evidence of a direct link between certain kinds of prolon
3、ged exercise and subtle heart damage. For the study, Canadian and Spanish scientists prodded young, healthy male rats to run at an intense pace, day after day, for three months, which is the equivalent of about 10 years in human terms. At the end of the training period, heart scans showed that most
4、of the rodents had developed diffuse scarring and some structural changes, similar to the changes seen in the human endurance athletes. A control group of unexercised rats had developed no such remodeling of their hearts. Interestingly, when the animals stopped running, their hearts returned to norm
5、al within eight weeks. Most of the fibrosis and other apparent damage disappeared.2.You may feel the desire to skip sketching and jump straight to the computer or work out your solutions as digital sketches. There is nothing wrong with that, especially for your own experimental work. There is no qui
6、cker method for exploring multiple visual solutions than sketching though. Try to weigh the advantages of sketching in regards to the project at hand.Hand-drawn sketching plays an important role in the digital arts. The larger a project is, and the more concepts a client will need to see, the more s
7、ketching will prove its worth in your design process. Consider using rough sketches for composition or layout options in your next project. Or push yourself to do another handful of thumbnail sketches before firing up Photoshop.3.Home is the first and most important school of character. It is there
8、that every human being receives his best moral training, or his worst: for it is there that he imbibes those principles of conduct which endure through manhood, and cease only with life. From that source, be it pure or impure, issue the principles and maxims that govern society. Law itself is but th
9、e reflex of home. The tiniest bits of opinion sown in the minds of children in private life afterwards issue forth to the world, and become its public opinion: for nations are gathered out of nurseries, and they who hold the leading-strings of children may even exercise a greater power than those wh
10、o wield the reins of government.Choose ONLY ONE text from the following passages and translate it into Chinese. Write your translation on the Answer Sheet provided. If more than ONE translation appears on the Answer Sheet, only the first or the indicated one would be scored【答案】1.但另一项最新研究首次有力地证明了，某些长
11、时间的运动和轻微的心脏损伤之间存在直接联系。在这项研究中，加拿大和西班牙的科学家们刺激年轻健康的雄性实验鼠快速地奔跑，日复一日，一共持续了三个月，这相当于人类大约10年的时间。在奔跑实验完成后，心脏扫描显示这些老鼠中，大部分的心脏都发生弥漫性疤痕, 有些还发生结构性变化，这和发生在耐力运动员身上的变化相似。而对照组中没有训练的老鼠，它们的心脏却没有发生这些变化。有趣的是，一旦这些老鼠停止奔跑，它们的心脏在八周内就会恢复正常。大部分的心脏纤维化和其他明显的受损状况都会消失。2.也许你想跳过在纸上画草图，直接用电脑做设计方案，或者把你的解决方案作成数字草图。这并没有什么不妥，由个人工作而定。但对于
12、策划多种视觉解决方案来说，没有一种方法比画草图更快。可以试着根据手头上的项目来衡量草图的优势。手绘草图在数字艺术当中扮演了重要角色。项目越大，客户需要看到的概念越多，草图越能在设计过程中体现出它的价值。不妨考虑在下一个项目中使用粗略草图来构图或者布局备选方案。或者在使用图片编辑之前迫使自己画另一组小型草图。3.家是品格形成的第一个，也是最重要的学堂。正是在那里，每个人接受最好的，亦或最糟糕的道德教育：正是在那里，人们汲取的那些行为准则，生则始，死方终。家，正是从这个源头，无论其纯洁与否，产生了支配社会的条框和准绳。而法律只不过是家庭的反映。家庭生活播撒在孩子心灵上的点滴细微的想法，日后将传向社
13、会，变成公众意见。由于国家只是家庭的集合体，牵系孩子的家庭可能要比管控社会的政府更具影响力。3. 单选题The Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, ratified in 1868, prohibits state governments from denying citizens the “equal protection of the laws”. Although precisely what the framers of the amendment meant by this equal protection
14、clause remains unclear, all interpreters agree that the framers immediate objective was to provide a constitutional warrant for the Civil Rights Act of 1866, which guaranteed the citizenship of all persons born in the United States and subject to United States jurisdiction. This declaration, which w
15、as echoed in the text of the Fourteenth Amendment, was designed primarily to counter the Supreme Courts ruling in Dred Scott V Sanford that Black people in the United States could be denied citizenship. The act was vetoed by President Andrew Johnson, who argued that the Thirteenth Amendment, which a
16、bolished slavery, did not provide Congress with authority to extend citizenship and equal protection the freed slaves. Although Congress promptly overrode Johnsons veto, supporters of the act sought to ensure its constitutional foundations with the passage of the Fourteenth Amendment.The broad language of the amendment strongly suggests that its framers were proposing to write into the Constitution not a laundry li
