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1、2022年考博英语-昆明理工大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）1. 单选题The protests were part of their（ ）against the proposed building development in the area.问题1选项A.commissionB.campaignC.commitmentD.convention【答案】B【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项commission“委员会，佣金，回扣”；B选项campaign“活动，运动（为社会、商业或政治目的而进行的一系列有计划的活动），战役”；C选项commitment“承诺，许诺”；D选项conventio
2、n“惯例，大会，协定”。由against the proposed building development（反对提议建设开发）可知B选项符合逻辑搭配。句意：这些抗议是他们反对该地区拟议建设开发活动的一部分。2. 单选题A cobweb glistening with dew seems as（ ）as it is lovely.问题1选项A.fragileB.frigidC.stridentD.tedious【答案】A【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项fragile“易碎的，脆弱的”；B选项frigid“严寒的，寒冷的，冷淡的”；C选项strident“刺耳的”；D选项tedious“冗长的，啰
3、唆的，单调乏味的”。由“有露珠闪烁的蜘蛛网看上去又_，又可爱”可知空格处的词语要与cobweb（蜘蛛网）在逻辑上搭配，且与lovely的感情色彩一致，因此选A。句意：有露珠闪烁的蜘蛛网看上去又脆弱又可爱。3. 单选题When she saw the clouds she went back to the house to （ ）her umbrella.问题1选项A.carryB.fetchC.bringD.reach【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项carry“拿，运送，携带”，指一般的搬运，多指用人力；B选项fetch“（去）拿来，（去）请来”，指说话人离开说话处，去别处把某人或某物带
4、来；C选项bring“带来，引来”，从别处拿某物到说话人处，由远及近；D选项reach“到达”。根据选项的意思及句意可知选B。句意：当她看到了乌云的时候，她回到房子里去拿她的雨伞。4. 单选题If your car（ ）any attention during the first 12 months, take it to an authorized dealer.问题1选项A.shall needB.should needC.would needD.will need【答案】B【解析】考查虚拟语气。句子是指如果车要保养的话，含有对将来情况的假设，因此从句谓语动词用should+do表示与将来
5、事实相反的假设。句意：如果您的车在前12个月需要任何保养，请将其交给授权经销商。5. 单选题At first Jackie prayed, frozen in fear, but gradually his terror（ ）curiosity.问题1选项A.gave away toB.gave way toC.go away toD.lived up to【答案】B【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项give away to“泄露，赠送，告发”；B选项give way to“向让步，向妥协，被替代”；C选项go away to“离开，消失，外出”；D选项live up to“遵守（诺言），符合，不辜
6、负（期望）”。句中的but表示转折关系，可推测此处是指由最差的恐惧到后面的好奇，B选项符合逻辑搭配。句意：起初Jackie在恐惧中祈祷，但渐渐地，他的恐惧被好奇替代。6. 单选题Speaking two languages rather than just one has obvious practical benefits in an increasingly globalized world. But in recent years, scientists have begun to show that the advantages of bilingualism are even mor
7、e fundamental than being able to converse with a wider range of people. Being bilingual, it turns out, makes you smarter. It can have a profound effect on your brain, improving cognitive skills not related to language and even shielding against dementia（痴呆）in old age.This view of bilingualism is rem
8、arkably different from the understanding of bilingualism through much of the 20th century. Researchers, educators and policy makers long considered a second language to be an interference, cognitively speaking, that hindered a childs academic and intellectual development.They were not wrong about th
9、e interference: there is ample evidence that in a bilinguals brain both language systems are active even when he is using only one language, thus creating situations in which one system obstructs（痴呆）the other. But this interference, researchers are finding out, isnt so much a handicap as a blessing
10、in disguise. It forces the brain to resolve internal conflict, giving the mind a workout that strengthens its cognitive muscles.The collective evidence from a number of such studies suggests that the bilingual experience improves the brains so-called executive function. A command system directs the
11、attention processes that we use for planning, solving problems and performing various other mentally demanding tasks. These processes include ignoring distractions to stay focused, switching attention willfully from one thing to another and holding information in mindlike remembering a sequence of d
12、irections while driving.Why does the tussle（搏斗）between two simultaneously active language systems improve these aspects of cognition? Until recently, researchers thought the bilingual advantage stemmed primarily from an ability for inhibition that was honed（磨炼）by the exercise of suppressing one lang
13、uage system: this suppression, it was thought, would help train the bilingual mind to ignore distractions in other contexts. But that explanation increasingly appears to be inadequate, since studies have shown that bilinguals perform better than monolinguals even at tasks that do not require inhibit
14、ion, like threading a line through an ascending series of numbers scattered randomly on a page.The key difference between bilinguals and monolinguals may be more basic: a heightened ability to monitor the environment. “Bilinguals have to switch languages quite oftenyou may talk to your father in one
15、 language and to your mother in another language,” says Albert Costa, a researcher at the University of Pompea Fabra in Spain. “It requires keeping track of changes around you in the same way that we monitor our surroundings when driving.” In a study comparing German-Italian bilinguals with Italian monolinguals on monitoring tasks, Mr. Costa and his colleagues found that the bilingual subjects not only performed better, but they also did so with less activity in parts of the brain involved in monitoring, indicating that they were mo
