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1、 . . . Unit 1第一部分：Grammar一、 情态动词（Modal Verbs）情态动词should意为“应该，应当”，必须和后面的动词原形一起构成谓语，没有人称和数的变化。用以表达职责和义务、提出劝告，而且表述的是自己的主观看法。1.should的句式结构句式结构例句肯定句主语+should+doThey should eat a balaced diet.他们应该平衡饮食。否定句主语+should not +doThey shouldnt eat too much.他们不该吃得太多。一般疑问句-Should + 主语 +do+?-yes, 主语+should.-No, 主语+sh
2、ouldnt.-Its too cold. Should I close the window?太冷了，我该关上窗户吗？-Yes, you _./No, you _.是的，你应该。/不，你不应该。2.should的用法用法例句表示劝告、建议You _ answer the question in English.你应该用英语回答这个问题。表示推测They _ be at home now, I think.我认为，他们现在应该在家。表示惊讶、赞叹、不满等How _ I know it?我怎么知道这间事情呢？注意：should在以why，who，how等疑问词开头的问句中，意为“竟然，居然，怎么
3、会”，表示意外、惊喜或在说话人看来是不可思议的。二、 其他表示建议的句型用法例句Shall we/I + do+?Shall we _ for a walk? 咱们去散步好吗？What/How about+doing/sth?What about _ swimming? 去游泳怎么样？Lets + do?Lets _ and _ them.咱们去看看他们吧。Youd/Wed better (not) + do?We_ _ wait a little longer.我们最好再稍等一会儿。Why dont you + do ?Why dont you _ a walk outside?为什么不出去
4、散步呢？Why not + do?Why _ _ a walk outside?为什么不出去散步呢？三、 反身代词表示反射或强调的代词叫做反身代词。反身代词是由第一人称、第二人称形容词性物主代词或第三人称代词的宾格形式，词尾加self或selves组成。反身代词可译“本人”、“本身”，为加强语气，也常翻译为“亲自”、“自己”。不定人称代词one-oneself.1、反身代词的分类数、人称第一人称第二人称第三人称单数myselfyourselfHimself,herself,itself复数ourselvesyourselvesthemselves2、反身代词的用法用法说明例句作动词的宾语常用于
5、enjoy,teach,hurt,buy,introduce,dress,help,look after, get dressed 作宾语He is teaching _ English.他在自学英语。We enjoyed _ last night.昨天晚上我们玩得很开心。做介词的宾语常用于in,on,with,of,after,by作宾语She lives by _ in the countryside.她一个人生活在乡下。做同位语强调作用、加强语气Did you make the cake _?这蛋糕是你亲自做的嘛？Mr. Black _ is a lawyer.布莱克先生本人就是一名律师
6、。做表语强调“自己”Just be _.做你自己就好了。Mary hasnt quite been _ recently.玛丽最近有些不对劲。第二部分：单词用法Section A1. Whats the matter?怎么了？该句常用询问某人患了何种疾病或遇到了什么麻烦，其后用with引出对象。1). Whats the matter with sb.?=whats wrong with sb.?=whats the trouble/problem with sb.?=whats ones trouble/problem?e.g. Whats the matter with Tom?=what
7、s _ with Tom?=Whats the _ with Tom?=Whats Toms _?2). matter, 名词，“问题，事情”e.g. We have important _(matter) to discuss.我们有些重要的问题要讨论。3). 动词，“要紧，关系重大”e.g. It dosent _ that you came late.2. I have a cold.我感冒了。1).have/get/catch a cold “感冒，着凉”The old man _ a cold yesterday.那位老人昨天感冒了。2). “have +a/an +疾病名称”意为“
8、得了.病”have a fever, have a cough,have a headache3. I have a sore back.我背痛。“I have a sore + 身体部位”意为“痛”辨析sore和achesore形容词，意为“疼痛的；酸痛的”用于身体部位名词前sore feet sore leg sore throatache名词，构成复合词headache; stomachache4. liedown and and rest.1).lie 的不同含义与词性变化单词词性词义现在分词过去式过去分词lie动词躺；平躺lyinglayLainlie动词说谎lyingliedLie
9、dlie名词谎言无无无Katy _ (lie) on the bed and read the letter last night.凯蒂昨晚躺在床上看书。He _(lie) to me about the result.对于结果他对我说了谎。2). rest 动词，“休息，放松”May him rest in peace.have/take a rest 休息，放松=rest5. You need to take breaks away from the computer.take breaks = take/have a break 休息We are _ a break under the
10、tree.我们正在树下休息。6. Yeah，I think I sat in the same way for too long without moving.是的，我想我以同样的姿势一动不动地坐太久了。1). In the same way:以同样的方式，以相同的方式She worked out the math problem in the same way.2).without为介词，意为“无，没有，不”You cant buy things _ money! 你没有钱就买不了东西。He left without _ anything.他什么都没有说就离开了。7. When the dr
11、iver saw an old man lying on the side og the road.这时，司机看到路边躺着一位老人。see/watch/notice/hear sb.doing sth. 强调看到/听到的动作的正在进行see/watch/notice/hear sb.do sth. 强调看到/听到的动作的完整性e.g. I often _ him _ in the garden last month. 上个月，我总是看到他在花园里干活。(强调全过程)I _ him _ in the garden when I passed by yersterday. 昨天我看见他正在花园里干
12、活。(强调动作正在进行)8. He expected most or all the passengers to get off and wait for the next bus.1).expect +名词/代词 “期待；预料”I am _ a phone call from her.我正在等她的。2).expect to do sth.She expects to go there next week. 她期望下周去那里。3).expect sb. to do sth. He expected her to go with him.4).expect +that 从句I expect th
13、at hell come back tomorrow.9. But to my surprise, they all agreed to go with him.1). to ones surprise “使惊讶的是，出乎意料”_ my _(surprise), he refused to cooperate with us.让我惊讶的是，他拒绝与我们合作。2). agree“同意”a. agree to do sth. “同意做某事”b. agree with sb.c. agree on sth. “就某事达成一致”e.g. My mother agreed _(buy) me a new pen.I entirely agree _ you.We agree _ the question.10. 辨析thanks to /thanks for thanks to “多亏，由于”，to是介词，其后接名词、代词或doingthanks for“因而感”，for 后接感的原因，常为名词或doing形式，Thanks _ you, I am not lost.幸亏你我才没有迷路。Thanks _ sending me su
