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1、2022年考博英语-南京师范大学考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 写作题Directions: Give a list of at least 5 examples of how Chinese culture shines a I dazzling Olympics opening ceremony, e.g. the percussion rhythms of 2,008 fouls, a primitive instrumenl made of clay or bronze. Remember Io write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET. 【答案
2、】略2. 单选题Throughout history man has changed his physical environment in order to improve his way of life.With the tools of technology he has altered many physical features of the earth. He has transformed woodlands into farmland, and made lakes and reservoirs out of rivers for irrigation purpose or h
3、ydroelectric power. Man has also modified the face of the earth by draining marshes and cutting through mountains to build roads and railways. However, mans changes to physical environment have not always had beneficial results. Today, pollution of the air and water is an increasing danger to the he
4、alth of the planet. Each day thousands of tons come out of the exhausts of motor vehicles; smoke from factories pollutes the air of industrialized areas and the surrounding areas of countryside. The air in cities is becoming increasingly unhealthy.The pollution of water is equally harmful. In the se
5、a,pollution from oil is increasing and is killing enormous numbers of algae （水藻）, fish and birds. The whole ecological balance of the sea is being changed. The same problem exists in rivers. Industrial wastes have already made many rivers lifeless.Conservationists believe that it is now necessary fo
6、r man to limit the growth of technology in order to survive on earth.1. Man has changed his physical environment with a view to（ ）.2. According to the passage, pollution of the air and water is caused by（ ）.3. The ecological balance of the sea is lost when（ ）.4. Who would most probably disagree with
7、 conservationists?5. The purpose of the writer is（ ）.问题1选项A.altering the physical feature of the earthB.bettering his way of lifeC.improving his surroundingsD.modifying the face of the planet问题2选项A.thousands of tons of gases coming out of the exhausts of motor vehiclesB.the changes of the environmen
8、t that technology has brought to manC.the increasing amount of oil that has been producedD.industrial wastes discharged into rivers问题3选项A.people consume more fish than they used toB.the ecological balance of the river is lostC.large numbers of algae, fish and birds are killedD.the production of mari
9、ne petroleum is increased问题4选项A.Industrialists.B.Ecologists.C.Businessmen.D.Environmentalists.问题5选项A.to reduce modern technologyB.to improve mans way of lifeC.to warn people not to change the natural environmentD.to call attention to the protection of the natural environment【答案】第1题:B第2题:B第3题:C第4题:A第
10、5题:D【解析】1.细节事实题。由第一段Throughout history man has changed his physical environment in order to improve his way of life. 纵观历史，人类改变自然环境以改善生活方式。故B项正确。2.推理判断题。由第二段With the tools of technology he has altered many physical features of the earth. 借助科技工具，人类改变了地球的许多物理特征。以及 However, mans changes to physical envi
11、ronment have not always had beneficial results. Today, pollution of the air and water is an increasing danger to the health of the planet. 然而，人类对自然环境的改变并不总是带来有益的结果。今天，空气和水的污染对地球的健康造成越来越严重的威胁。可知水污染和空气污染是由于人类借助科技改变了自然环境造成的。故B项正确。3.细节事实题。由第三段“The pollution of water is equally harmful. In the sea, pollu
12、tion from oil is increasing and is killing enormous numbers of algae, fish and birds. The whole ecological balance of the sea is being changed. 水的污染也同样有害。在海里,石油污染增加,造成大量的藻类(水藻),鱼和鸟死亡。整个海洋的生态平衡正在被改变。”可知藻类、鱼和鸟的大量死亡导致海洋生态失衡。故C项正确。4.推理判断题。由最后一段“Conservationists believe that it is now necessary for man t
13、o limit the growth of technology in order to survive on earth. 自然资源保护论者认为，为了在地球上生存，人类现在有必要限制科技的发展。”可知自然资源保护论者认为要限制科技的发展，而阻碍科技的发展不利于工业的发展，所以工业家很可能会发对这个观点。故A项正确。5.作者意图题。本文主要讲述了环保的重要性，从空气污染，到水污染，再到破坏整个生态平衡。所有的这些都是在呼吁大家来保护地球，保护我们的生存坏境。 故D项正确。3. 单选题Nobody knows（ ） how many people are to be blame for the
14、coal-mine accident, so the government is trying to find out the whole truth about the accident.问题1选项A.inwardlyB.honestlyC.cleverlyD.precisely【答案】D【解析】考查副词辨析。inwardly“向内地，在内部”；honestly“真诚地，公正地”；cleverly“聪明地”；precisely“精确地，恰恰”。句意：没有人（ ）知道有多少人要为煤矿事故负责，所以政府正尝试查明整个事故的全部真相。由后半句“政府决定查明整个事情的真相”可推知没有人非常准确地知道
15、这个事故。故D项符合句意。4. 单选题Many of the scientists and engineers are judged（ ）how great their achievements are.问题1选项A.in spite ofB.in ways ofC.in favor ofD.in terms of【答案】D【解析】考查词组辨析。in spite of尽管；in favor of有利于，支持；in terms of 依据，按照，在方面。许多科学家和工程师从他们所取得的成就来被评价，只有D项符合题意。5. 单选题In the dim light, I managed to discern the shadowy figure of a big dog among the trees.问题1选项A.make offB.make outC.make upD.make over【答案】B【解析】考查词组辨析。make off逃走，离开，匆 忙离开；make out理解，辨认出，说明，填写，设法应付；make up组成，补
