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1、2022年考博英语-山西大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（附答案带详解）1. 单选题He is a young and（ ）coach who is prepared to lead his team to win the championship in his first season.问题1选项A.realisticB.humorousC.ambitiousD.intimate【答案】C【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项realistic “现实的；现实主义的；逼真的；实在论的”；B选项humorous “诙谐的，幽默的；滑稽的，可笑的”；C选项ambitious “野心勃勃的；有雄心的；热望的”
2、；D选项intimate “亲密的；私人的；精通的”。句意：他是一个年轻而有（ ）的教练，他准备在他的第一个赛季带领他的球队赢得冠军。因此C选项正确。2. 单选题If you miss the cultural references（ ）a word, youre very likely to miss its meaning.问题1选项A.beyondB.behindC.belowD.before【答案】D【解析】考查介词辨析。A选项beyond“在（或向）较远的一边；超过”；B选项behind“在背面”；C选项below“在下面”；D选项before“在之前”。句意：如果你没看到单词（ ）
3、的文化背景，你很可能会不理解它的意思。根据语境，可知文化背景紧挨着单词，并且在同一句话中，before“在之前”比较合理。因此D选项正确。3. 单选题Some women are motivated to work（ ）professional interests and a desire to contribute to society.问题1选项A.because ofB.as toC.regardless ofD.in spite of【答案】A【解析】考查介词短语辨析。A选项because of “因为；由于”；B选项as to“至于，关于；就而论”；C选项regardless of
4、“不顾，不管”；D选项in spite of “不管、虽然、尽管、不顾”。句意：有些妇女工作的动机是（ ）职业兴趣和为社会做贡献的愿望。B、C、D选项不符合句意，因此A选项正确。4. 单选题Sharks have an undeserved reputation for being bloodthirsty killers that routinely make snacks out of tourists. Although the risk of getting eaten by a shark is extremely small, the same cannot be said for
5、 underwater fiber-optic cables that carry data around the world.It seems sharks have a mighty craving for these vital intercontinental communication links, which has set Google on a mission to reinforce its transPacific cables by wrapping them in a Kevlarlike material. Google product manager Dan Bel
6、cher revealed their shark-proofing efforts at a marketing meeting in Boston, Network World reports.But why are sharks zeroing in on our global communication networks? Sharks have an uncanny ability to sense electromagnetic fields in the water using tiny detectors in their snouts called ampulla of Lo
7、renzini. The organs, which look like freckles, sense even minute changes to electrical fields in the water, helping sharks find prey, navigate or locate fiber-optic cables.“No doubt the electromagnetic felds associated with these wires are highly attractive to these sharks,” George Burgess, director
8、 of the Florida Program for Shark Research, told USA. Interestingly, sharks dont seem to be lured to the older copper cables that run underwater. Its led to speculation that sharks confuse the high-voltage, magnetic emissions from fiber-optic cables with the signals given off by fish. Updated cables
9、 will thus likely protect the sharks and reduce energy-wasting attacks. Sharks have been giving global communications companies headaches since the 1980s. According to the New York Time, a few shark teeth were found planted in a cable of the Canary Islands in 1985. Every year, more than 50 repairs a
10、re needed on undersea transcontinental communication lines due to damage from wildlife, fishing trawlers and earthquakes, The Guardian reports. Googles reinforced cables will be installed as part of a new $300 million system connecting the United States to Japan, according to a press release from pr
11、oject partner NEC. It will result in an Internet connection that relays information across the Pacific Ocean at 60 terabytes per second. Thats good news for Internet users, but maybe the sharks have a hidden reason: Perhaps theyre simply fed up with fear-mongering documentaries that cast them in a n
12、egative light.1.What does “the same” in Paragraph 1 refer to?2.What is emphasized in Paragraph 2?3.Why do sharks bite fiber-optic cables?4.It can be learned that sharks（ ）.5.What is the main topic of the passage?问题1选项A.The killers making snacks out of tourists.B.The risk of getting eaten by sharks.C
13、.The undeserved reputation of sharks.D.The small chance of shark attacks.问题2选项A.The damage to cables caused by sharks.B.The cost of undersea cable lines.C.The function of underwater cameras.D.The development of undersea cables.问题3选项A.They mistake cables for fish.B.They like biting cable-shaped objec
14、ts.C.They are curious about cables.D.They enjoy the taste of cables.问题4选项A.like both copper cables and fiber-optic cablesB.prefer copper cables to fiber-optic cablesC.are attracted to fiber-optic cables onlyD.are attracted to copper cables only问题5选项A.Sharks are no bloodthirsty killers.B.How sharks p
15、ick signals from cables.C.Sharks benefit from electrical field.D.Fiber-optic cables are sharks prey.【答案】第1题:B第2题:A第3题:A第4题:C第5题:D【解析】1.词义猜测题。由“Although the risk of getting eaten by a shark is extremely small, the same cannot be said for underwater fiber-optic cables that carry data around the world.（尽管被鲨鱼吃掉的风险非常小，但在全球范围内传输数据的水下光缆却并非如此。）”可知，虽然人类被鲨鱼吃掉的风险很小，但是水下光缆被鲨鱼吃掉的风险却并非如此。所以the same表示被鲨鱼吃掉的风险。A选项“鲨鱼拿游客当点心”；C选项“鲨鱼被冤枉的名声”；D选项“被鲨鱼攻击的几率很小”都与上下文不符，因此B选项“被鲨鱼吃掉的风险”正确。2.主旨大意题。第二段的最后一句话说到“Google
