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1、第十一期外刊视频课第八讲1. pharmacy 药房、药剂学、配药学、制药业pharmacist 药剂师pharmaceutical 药物，制药学，制药学的2. Roche 罗氏制药3. / The deep recession prompted many people to tighten their belts/ One executive danced on stage, prompting bar staff to throw him out. / prompt to 4. But the evening hardly seems like the finest moment in t
2、he history of ties between doctors and drug companies.5. That relationship is a poorly regulated muddle.6. At one (beneficial) extreme, firms work with doctors to create new treatments. At the other end of the spectrum, firms bribe doctors to prescribe their drugs./ at one beneficial extreme 在一个利益的极
3、端/ at the other end of the spectrum = at the other extreme7. non-prescription drugs = OTC = over the counter 非处方药8. Americas justice department has wrung huge settlements from companies over such charges./wring 拧，绞，使痛苦，折磨，强求，勒索，迫使，感到痛苦 wring from 从勒索，榨取，敲诈，迫使9. in pole position 处于领先地位，优势地位，有利地位10. I
4、n most states, doctors take regular courses to maintain their licenses./ regular course 定期的课程/ licenses 执照11. continuing education 继续教育12. Such chumminess has long raised fears about undue influence./ have long/often raised fears/concerns that/about/ undue 过度的，过分的、不适当的，不合情理的、尚未到期的/ undue influence 不
5、恰当的影响力，不正当压力、不正当影响13. In 2009 Americas Institute of Medicine, an advisory body, urged much stricter regulation to prevent conflicts of interest.14. take a more prominent role in= have a growing role in 15. The first filing will appear on a public database by September 30th.16. , passed as a part of
6、Barack Obamas health reform, 17. The Sunshine law will also provide them with exhaustive data on how much they and their competitors spend to market drugs to that doctor.18. This will let firms track which type of marketing spurs the most prescriptions.19. They may simply get better at it. 在这方面做的更好，
7、更擅长做20. _ menopause 更年期，绝经期21. curtail 缩减、剪短、剥夺特权等 / curtail prolong 缩减、摘要 / curtail production 缩减生产 / curtail expenditures 节约开支22. fertility生育力，生殖力、繁殖力、肥沃、生产力、丰饶23. Men those who can find willing partner, at least do not suffer in quite the same way, as many stories of celebrity elder fathers testi
8、fy. 24. But perhaps such aging Lotharios should think twice, for evidence is accumulating that their offspring are at great-than-average risk of genetic disease./ for evidence is accumulating that / for evidence is mounting that 25. Please take advantage of these if you have any questions or doubts.
9、26. the first census 第一次人口普查27. The number, however, varies widely and the main factor involved in this variation in the age of the father.28. Mother transmitted an average of 14 mutations to their children, regardless of age.29. womb 子宫，发源地， vt.容纳30. ovulation 排卵，产卵作用31. Sperm， by the contrast, are
10、 made continuously throughout life, and each division of their precursor cells brings risk of a misinterpretation of the DNA, and thus a mutation.32. be up to no good 不怀好意，在打什么坏主意，坏事干尽33. Whether that has implications for the countrys overall health remains to be seen. 34. have profound implications
11、 for 对产生深远影响35. remain to be seen 有待观察，拭目以待，尚待分晓36. in the grand scheme of things 从宏观来看，放长远看37. sanitation 环境卫生，卫生设备，公共卫生/ environment sanitation 环境卫生/ food sanitation 食品卫生/ sanitation worker 环卫工人38. hygiene 卫生，卫生学 / oral hygiene 口腔卫生 / dental hygiene 牙齿卫生/ mental hygiene 心理卫生/ hygiene factor 保健因素39
12、. in case 以防万一，说不定，可能，免得40. in the fullness of time = when the fullness of time had come 在适当的时刻41. In the grand scheme of things, the negative effect of extra mutations is likely to be countervailed by the positive effects of modern life: better nutrition, hygiene and sanitation, as well as better m
13、edical care.42. But Dr John does give pause for thought. give pause for thought 使停下来思考43. In fullness of time, perhaps men will think likewise and have some of the sperm of their carefree, mutation-free youths frozen in case they fancy a little procreation in their old age.44. Only in the fullness of time will we know, but some things are clear.
