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1、2022年考博英语-中国人民解放军陆军装甲兵学院考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 单选题American women were _ the right to vote until 1920 after many years of hard struggle.问题1选项A.ignoredB.neglectedC.refusedD.denied【答案】D【解析】【选项释义】A. ignored忽视，对不予理会 B. neglected忽略，忽视C. refused拒绝，回绝 D. denied否认，否定，拒绝承认【考查点】动词辨析。【解题思路】根据关键信息American women（美国女性
2、）和the right to vote（投票权），结合历史常识可知，美国女性是被拒绝给予投票权的，并且deny sb. sth.是固定用法，所以该题选择D项。【干扰项排除】A、B项不与right搭配；C项多指拒绝邀请或者请求等。【句意】在艰苦斗争了数年之后，美国女性于1920年得到了一直被剥夺的投票权。2. 填空题Directions: In this section, there is a passage with five questions. After you have read the passage, answer each question in English. Write d
3、own your answer on ANSWER SHEET.A language is a system of sounds, gestures, or characters used by humans to communicate their ideas and feelings. There are about 4,000 spoken languages in the world. Some are spoken by millions of people. Other languages have only a few speakers.All languages have ru
4、les for forming words and for ordering those words in sentences. In written languages, meaning is expressed through a system of characters and rules for combining those characters. In spoken languages, meaning is expressed through a system of sounds and rules for combining those sounds. Many deaf pe
5、ople use sign languages, in which gestures do the work of the sound system of spoken languages.Word order is more important in English than it is in some other languages, such as Russian. The sound system is very important in Chinese and in many languages spoken in West Africa.Languages are always c
6、hanging, but they change very slowly. People invent new words for their language, borrow words from other languages, and change the meanings of words as needed. For example, the English word byte was invented by computer specialists in 1959. The English word tomato was borrowed from Nahuat, an Ameri
7、can Indian language spoken in Mexico. The English word meat once referred to food in general.There are several major language families in the world. The languages in each family are related, and scientists think they came from the same parent family. Language families come in different sizes. The Au
8、stronesian family contains at least 500 languages, including Pilipino, Malay, and Maori. The Basque language, spoken in northern Spain, is the only member of its language family.The Indo-European language family contains 55 languages, including English, German, Spanish, Russian, and Hindi. Another l
9、anguage family is Sino-Tibetan, which includes Chinese, Burmese, and Tibetan. The Afro-Asiatic family includes Arabic, Hebrew, and Amharic. There are about 150 American Indian languages spoken today. These languages have many differences and have been divided into more than 50 language families.Peop
10、le learn languages by listening, copying what they hear, and using the language. Most children learn their first languages easily, and sometimes other languages as well. Adults often must work harder at learning a second language.1. How many languages are spoken all over the world?2. What are the la
11、nguage rules for?3. How is meaning expressed in sign language?4. What is more important in English compared with other languages?5. Which language is the only member of its language family?【答案】1.About 4,000 spoken languages.2.Forming words and ordering those words in sentences.3.By gestures.4.Word o
12、rder.5.The Basque language.【解析】1.【选项释义】1. How many languages are spoken all over the world? 1. 世界上有多少种语言？【考查点】细节事实题。【解题思路】第一段第二句提到“世界上大约有4000种语言”可知，答案为“大约4000种”。2.【选项释义】2. What are the language rules for? 2. 语言规则是什么？【考查点】细节事实题。【解题思路】根据第二段第一句“所有的语言都有构词和排列句子的规则”可知，语言规则是“构词和排列句子”。3.【选项释义】3. How is mean
13、ing expressed in sign language? 3. 如何用手语表达意思？【考查点】细节事实题。【解题思路】根据第二段最后一句“许多聋人使用手语，在手语中，手势起到了口语声音系统的作用”可知，聋人通过手势表达自己的意思。4.【选项释义】4. What is more important in English compared with other languages? 4. 与其他语言相比，英语中什么更重要？【考查点】细节事实题。【解题思路】根据第三段第一句“词序在英语中比在其他一些语言中更重要，比如俄语”可知，英语中词序更重要。5.【选项释义】5. Which languag
14、e is the only member of its language family? 5. 哪一种语言是其语系的唯一成员？【考查点】细节事实题。【解题思路】根据第五段最后一句“西班牙北部使用的巴斯克语是该语系的唯一成员”可知，巴斯克语是其语系的唯一成员。3. 不定项选择题Few people doubt the fundamental importance of mothers in child-rearing, but what do fathers do? Much of what they contribute is simply the result of being a seco
15、nd adult in the home. Bringing up children is demanding, stressful and exhausting. Two adults can support and make up for each others deficiencies and build on each others strengths.Fathers also bring an array of unique qualities. Some are familiar: protector and role model. Teenage boys without fat
16、hers are notoriously prone to trouble. The pathway to adulthood for daughters is somewhat easier, but they must still learn from their fathers, in ways they cannot from their mothers, how to relate to men. They learn from their fathers about heterosexual trust, intimacy and difference. They learn to appreciate their own femininit
