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1、高中三年级英语学案Units 5-6 (B3)【知识网络】一、重点词汇与短语1advertise vt. & vi.登广告，做广告I advertised my car for sale.advertise on TV/in a newspaper for sb./sth.advertise a meeting, a concert, a job2charge n. vt.主管；充气（电）；负责；要价；控告How much do you charge for a room with a bath?He was charged with bribery.他被控告收取贿赂。in charge of
2、负责；in (under) the charge of a person由某人负责;take charge of接管，担任；free of charge免费地（的）3blame vt. n.责备，谴责，归咎于；责怪，责任blame sb. for sth./blame sth. on sb.责备某人某事be to blame for sth.(对某坏事等)负责任。They blamed him for the accident.=They blamed the accident on him.=He was to blame for the accident.take the blame fo
3、r承担的责任4accuse vt.控告；谴责The police accused him (of theft).He was accused of murder.She accused him of being late.6get across传播；为人理解It took me an hour to get my invention across to her.The message got across at last.7 attach vt.系；贴；附加；认为有（重要性等）attach sth. to sth.把某东西系到某东西上attach yourself to sb./sth.加入；
4、使隶属于be attach to sb./sth.依恋；留恋8 make sense有意义，有道理，讲得通This sentence doesn?t make sense.It makes sense to take care of your health.Can you make sense of what this writer is saying?common sense常识；in a (some) sense在某种意义上There is no sense in doing sth.(做某事)没道理9 keep up维持，保持I hope the weather will keep up
5、.The noise kept up for all night.The good news keep our spirit up.How do you keep this large house?keep an eye out for sb./sth.留心或注意某人/物keep a close watch on密切注意keep away from避开，离开；keep back防止，隐瞒keep on继续；keep off离开，使不接近keep out (of)不进去，置身于外，从离开keep up with跟上，不落后；keep in touch with保持联系10 beyond prep
6、.在的那边，远于；超过I cant see anything beyond the river because of fog.He is such a naughty boy and is beyond my control.Dont stay out beyond 10 oclock at night.adv.在更远处；再往后From the top of the hill you can see a lake beyond.二、词义辨析1each与everyeach强调“个体”,every强调“整体”，every只有一个词性，形容词，且every不接of短语，every只作定语，而each
7、作定语，主语，宾语，同位语。如：Each/Every pupil was given a pencil.每个学生发一枝铅笔。Each of us has a Chinese-English dictionary.我们每人都有一本汉英词典。2spend, cost, pay, charge与offer这几个词都表示“花费（金钱）”，但用法不一样。（1）cost是以“物，事”为主语，常用于sth. cost (sb.) some money结构。The cost cost her 20 yuan.这件外衣花了她20元。注意：cost无被动语态。（2）pay用于付款给别人，付一个帐单或者付几笔款项等
8、，它是及物动词，宾语可以是“人”或“钱”的名词或代词。Yesterday he paid the money he owed.他昨天还清了欠账。（3）charge指收取别人多少钱，主语为人或旅馆等。The hotel charged me 10 for a room for the night.那家旅馆一间房一晚向我收费10英镑。（4）offer出价，开价；提供，出售，“人”作主语。We offered him the house for 1000.我们要价1000英镑卖给她那幢房子。比较：We offered him 1000 for the house.我们出价1000英镑买他那幢房子。3
9、set off, set out与set about（1）set off有“启程；出发”的意思，还可作“引起；使爆炸”解（例略）（2）set out的意思是“开始；着手”后常接动词不定式。如：He set out to paint the whole house.他开始着手粉刷房子内外。（3）set about的意思也是“开始；着手”但常接动名词作宾语。如：She set about doing some cleaning after breakfast.她用过早餐后立即着手打扫卫生。三、重点句型1You think the newspaper is to blame for this bec
10、ause你认为因为这件事报社应受责备注意to blame =should be blamed 应受责备。如：Who is to blame for breaking the window?谁应为打破窗子而受责？2It has been proven again and that frequent advertising increases product sales.事实已经一次次地证明经常做广告增加了产品的销售量。It is (has been) proven 已被证明（后接that句）It has been proven that more than 2000 people died in
11、 the war已经被证实多于2000人死亡于这场战争。类似表达有：It is / was hoped / said / announced / reported that人们希望/据说/已宣布/已报导It is said that the girl had been badly treated whileshopping yesterday=The girl is said to have been badlyIt is hoped that well have a brighter future.It was announced that Russia sent up another ma
12、n-made satellite.3. Not all ads are used to promote a product or to increase a companys profits.并非所有的广告都被用来推动产品的销量，或增加公司的利润。Not all=all not 并非所有的（部分否定），此句也可写为：All ads are not used to promote a product or to increase a companys profits. all的全部否定为none或nothingNo one.类似的还有both, each, not both（each）=both
13、（each）Not均为部分否定，both全部否定为neither, each全部否定为none, no one, nothing。如：Not all the students smoke=All the students dont smoke并非所有的学生都吸烟。None of us like that song我们一个也不喜欢那首歌。四、语法复习1宾语补足语（一）宾语补足语的定义英语中有些及物动词，除了一个直接宾语以外，还要有一个宾语补语，才能使句子的意义完整。这类常用的及物动词有：make(使)，consider(认为)，cause(引起)，see（看见），find(发现)，call(称为
14、，叫做)，get(让，使得)，have(让，使得)，let(让)等。如：Electricity can make a machine run。电能使机器运转。We consider(或think) the answer (to be) correct.我们认为这个答案是对的。What he said made me very angry.他的话使我很生气。（二）宾语补足语的表现形式带有宾语补足语的一般句型为：某些及物动词（如make等）+直接宾语（名词或代词）+宾语补足语。宾语补足语在句中的9种表示法：（1）用名词（包括名词性物主代词）表示His father named him Tom.他父
15、亲给他取名汤姆。We consider Mr Zhang an excellent teacher.我们认为张先生是位优秀的老师。（2）用形容词及其短语表示They painted their boat white.他们把船漆成了白色。We believed the report untrue.我们确认这个报告不真实。I saw him young and strong, and now he is old and worn.我看到他的时候，他年轻强壮，现在他已年老体弱。（3）用不定式及其短语表示You mustnt force him to lend his money to you.他不应该强迫他借钱给你。Nobody noticed him enter the room.没有人注意到他进了屋子。注：see, have, let, make, watch, notice, hear, observe等动词后的宾语补足语用不定式表示时，不可加to。help后的不定式可带也可
