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1、专题四词义猜测类题目命题特点利用上下文判断单词、短语或句子在特定语言环境中确切含义。常见设问方式：(1)The word “.” refers to.(2)The underlined phrase means.(3)By saying “.” we mean.(4)The expression “.” stands for.(5).have the closest meaning.(6)In other words.考查重点(1)生词的语境猜测。(2)词组及短语的指代。方法技巧(1)利用上下文、构词法，通过对应结构或平行结构中的同义词、反义词复述、对比进行判断；(2)利用定语从句、同位语从句
2、等进行判断；(3)根据关联词，如but，while，however，not only.but also等进行判断；(4)利用构词法前缀、后缀、合成词进行判断。Passage 1I still remembermy hands and my fingers still rememberwhat used to lie in store for us on our return to school from the holidays. The trees in the school yard would be in full leaf again and the old leaves would
3、be lying around like a muddy sea of leaves.“Get that all swept up！” the headmaster would tell us. “I want the whole place cleaned up, at once！” There was enough work there, to last over a week. Especially since the only tools with which we were provided were our hands, our fingers, our nails. “Now s
4、ee that its done properly, and be quick about it，” the headmaster would say to the older pupils, “or youll have to answer for it！”So at an order from the older boys we would all line up like peanuts about to cut and gather in crops. If the work was not going as quickly as the headmaster expected, th
5、e big boys, instead of giving us a helping hand, used to beat us with branches pulled from the trees. In order to avoid these blows, we used to bribe(贿赂) the older boys with the juicy cakes we used to bring for our midday meal.And if we happened to have any money on us, the coins changed hands at on
6、ce. If we did not do this, if we were afraid of going home with an empty stomach or an empty purse, the blows were redoubled. They hit us so violently and with such evil enjoyment that even a deaf and dumb person would have realized that we were being whipped not so much to make us work harder, but
7、rather to beat us into a state of obedience(服从) in which we would be only too glad to give up our food and money.Occasionally one of us, worn out by such calculated cruelty, would have the courage to complain to the headmaster. He would of course be very angry, but the punishment he gave the older b
8、oys was always very smallnothing compared to what they had done to us. And the fact is that however much we complained, our situation did not improve in the slightest. Perhaps we should have let our parents know what was going on, but somehow we never dreamed of doing so; I dont know whether it was
9、loyalty or pride that kept us silent, but I can see now that we were foolish to keep quiet about it, for such beating is completely foreign to our nature.【语篇解读】本文为记叙文。文中作者回忆了早年读书期间，假期返校清除落叶的一段经历。1The statement “my hands and my fingers still remember” (Para.1) means that “_”Athe authors hands were se
10、verely injured in the cleaning upBthe author seldom did such hard work as the cleaning upCthe author was bullied by the big boys in the cleaning upDthe authors hands were his only tool for the cleaning解析：作者一开始用了两个“remember”表明他对假期返校要清除落叶一事记忆深刻。第二段提到自己在为学校清除落叶时没有别的工具，唯一的工具就是手，由此可推断“手和指尖都记得”是因为在大扫除中，作者
11、的手作为唯一的清洁工具受了不少的罪。答案：D2The headmaster would tell the students to clean up the school yard at the beginning of the term because_Ahe was too lazyBthere were many fallen leaves on the groundCthe school yard was covered with mudDthe students didnt finish their homework解析：第一段最后一句提到假期过后学校会堆满落叶，第二段校长发布了让学生
12、大扫除的命令，两者之间的因果关系显而易见，因此本题应选B项。答案：B3The headmaster asked the older boys to_Abeat those who worked slowlyBtreat the small boys as peanutsCtake charge of the process of the cleaningDdo the cleaning all by themselves解析： 第二段最后一句，特别是其中的“see”，表明校长让大孩子们做大扫除的“监工”，负责带领其他孩子们把学校打扫干净。这也可以从该句的“.or youll have to a
13、nswer for it！(否则你们就要为此负责)”看出答案为C项。答案：C4According to Para.3, if the author had any money on him, he most probably_Agave it to the big boys so as to please themBgave it as a bribe to the headmasterCspent it all on his midday mealDspent it buying midday meals for the big boys解析：第三段第四句中的“.the coins chan
14、ged hands at once.”可理解为“钱马上就会易主”，即钱到了大孩子们的口袋里，由此可知选A项。答案：A5When receiving complaints, the headmaster would deal with the big boys by means of _Aslight punishmentBharsh criticismCcomplete indifference Dgood beating解析：根据题干中的complaints可定位到最后一段开头两句。该段第二句表明校长对大孩子们的惩罚很轻，因此本题应选A项。答案：APassage 2The 30 miles
15、of steep roads that snake through the mountains of Logan Canyon in Utah are enough to make most drivers hands sweat. But Andersen, a 46yearold father of four, wasnt expecting any trouble on the road last New Years Eve, when he set off for a ski trip to the Bear River Mountains with nineyearold daughter Mia, fouryearold son Baylor, and nineyearold neighbour Kenya. Andersen had driven through the Canyon hundreds of times over the years. The weather was fine，but the higher they drove, the more slippery the roads became. Rounding a sharp Uturn at mi
