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1、2022年考博英语-外交学院考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）1. 单选题Could you（ ）me to the railway station, please?问题1选项A.showB.directC.leadD.indicate【答案】B【解析】考查固定短语搭配。根据题干可知考查direct sb. to“指导某人去”。句意：你可以告诉我火车站怎么走吗？因此B选项正确。2. 单选题Have you ever received（ ）of what has happened to her?问题1选项A.the wordB.wordsC.wordD.the words【答案】C【解析】考查名
2、词辨析。A选项the word“这个词；某个特定的词或话”；B选项words“歌词，台词，谈话，言语”；C选项word“消息，音信，谣言，传说”；D选项the words“特指某些单词”。句意：她发生了什么事情，你得到她的消息了吗？因此C选项正确。3. 单选题Chinas response to North Koreas shelling of Yeonpyeong Island two weeks ago has been remarkably flaccid.问题1选项A.firmB.shrewdC.ambiguousD.limp【答案】D【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项firm“坚定的；牢
3、固的；严格的；结实的；坚决的；牢牢控制的；坚挺的”；B选项shrewd“精明的；狡猾的；机灵的”；C选项ambiguous“模糊不清的，模棱两可的；不明确的，不明朗的；引起歧义的”；D选项limp“柔软的，无力的；软弱的”。句意：中国对朝鲜两周前炮击延坪岛的反应，一直表现得非常迟缓。flaccid“松弛的，软弱的；蔫软的；无活力的；不见成效的”，D选项与该词意思最相近，因此D选项正确。4. 单选题He was always declining their invitations on the（ ）of ill health.问题1选项A.groundsB.reasonC.excuseD.cau
4、se【答案】A【解析】考查固定短语搭配。根据题干可知考查on the ground of“以为理由，根据”。句意：他总是以身体不好为由拒绝他们的邀请。因此A选项正确。5. 单选题Nakheel, a property developer owned by Dubai World, met creditors as part of its attempts to renegotiate $10.5 billion in bank debt. Dubai World spooked markets in November after announcing a standstill on debt
5、repayments.问题1选项A.intimidatedB.assailedC.exudeD.imbibed【答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项intimidated“威胁，恐吓，胁迫”；B选项assail“攻击；质问；着手解决”；C选项exude“散发；流出；使渗出”；D选项imbibe“吸收，接受；喝；吸入”。句意：迪拜世界（Dubai World）旗下的房地产开发商棕榈岛集团（Nakheel）与债权人会面，试图就105亿美元的银行债务进行重新谈判。迪拜世界(Dubai World)去年11月宣布暂停偿债后，令市场恐慌。spook“吓；惊吓；受惊；鬼怪般的出没”，A选项与该词意思最相近
6、，因此A选项正确。6. 单选题Professional photographers generally regard inadvertent surrealism in a photograph as a curse rather than a blessing; magazine photographers, in particular, consider themselves（ ）to the extent that they can（ ）its presence in their photographs.问题1选项A.skillful, enhanceB.inadequate, elim
7、inateC.original, demonstrateD.fortunate, minimize【答案】D【解析】考查形容词与动词辨析。A选项skillful, enhance“熟练的；巧妙的”，“提高；加强；增加”；B选项inadequate, eliminate“不充分的，不适当的”，“消除；排除”；C选项original, demonstrate“原来的；开始的；首创的，新颖的，创新的；原作的”，“证明；展示；论证”；D选项fortunate, minimize“幸运的；侥幸的；吉祥的；带来幸运的”，“使减到最少；小看，极度轻视；最小化”。句意：一般而言，专业摄影家将摄影作品中由疏忽而
8、致的超现实主义视作一种灾祸而非幸事；尤其是杂志摄影家，只要能在摄影作品中将它的存在减少到最低程度，他们便视自己为相当幸运的了。因此D答案正确。7. 翻译题17世纪后期至18世纪末，是中国清代的鼎盛时期，史称“康乾盛世”。那个时期，中国的工业产量位居世界前列。但正是在这个时候，欧洲诸国先后开始了近代资产阶级革命和产业革命，社会生产力迅速发展，后来居上。而中国当时的政治者对这一历史性大变革却茫然无知，仍沉迷于盲目自大之中，视西方科学技术为“奇技淫巧”。“康乾盛世”之后的100多年，中国的发展大大落后了，国际地位急剧衰落，沦为半殖民地，备受外强欺辱。中华人民共和国成立后，中国人民掌握了自己的命运，民
9、族的独立和解放使中国发生了翻天覆地的变化。但在20世纪60、70年代世界经济蓬勃发展和新科技革命浪潮兴起的时代，中国搞了长达10年的“文化大革命”，错失了又一次发展良机。值得欣慰的是，从70年代末开始，我们纠正了过去的错误，选择了改革开放的正确道路，对内实行改革，对外实行开放，开放也是改革。改革开放使我们抓住了新的历史机遇，实现了近30年的高速发展，综合国力显著增强，人民生活得到很大改善，国际地位不断上升。【答案】In the late 17 century to the end of 18th Century, Chinese Qing Dynasty was in its heyday,
10、known as the Golden Age of “Kangxi and Qianlong”. During this period, Chinas industrial production has been at the forefront on the world stage. But it was at this time that European countries began the modern bourgeois revolution and industrial revolution, which rocket the rapid development of soci
11、al productivity in the western world, leaving the rest of the world out of sight behind. However, Chinese politicians at that time were completely ignorant of this historic change, and still indulged in blind arrogance, regarding western science and technology as “diabolic tricks and wicked craft”.
12、During the past 100 years from that time onward, China fell far behind in development, suffered a sharp decline in its international status, was reduced to a semi-colony and subjected to bullying and humiliation from foreign powers.Since the funding of the Peoples Republic of China, accompanying wit
13、h the national independence and liberation, Chinese people have become the master of their own destiny. All this has brought tremendous changes to China. However, in the 1960s and 1970s, when the world economy was booming and the new wave of scientific and technological revolution was emerging, Chin
14、a conducted the decade-long “Cultural Revolution” and missed another good opportunity for development. The good news is that since the end of 1970s, with the implementation of reforming domestically and opening-up to the world we have corrected the mistakes of the past, directing the whole nation to
15、 the right way of reform and opening-up. Under the guidance of reform and opening-up policy, we seized the new historical opportunity to promote a rapid social development in the last 30 years. This policy not only heighten chinas comprehensive powers and peoples living standards, but also the growing international clout.8. 单选题In appealing the case again, you will just be kicking against the（ ）.问题1选项A.pricksB.ballsC.gunsD.winds【答案】A【解析】考查固定短语搭配。A选项pricks“
