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1、宾语从句讲解宾语从句是用作宾语的从句，它也是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从 句。在学习宾语从句时， 必须注意以下五个方面的问题：一、注意正确使用引导词 1当宾语从句由陈述句变化而来时，用 that 来引导从句，其中的 that 无具体意义，一般可以省略。如：I hear (that) shes going to give me a call.Li Tao thought (that) the TV play was interesting.2 当宾语从句由一般疑问句变化而来时， 可用 if 或 whether 来引 导从句，意为是否。如：David asked her if/whether she
2、 slept well last night.3 当 宾语从 句由特殊 疑问句变 化而来 时，用连 接代 词 who/whose/what/which 或连接副词 when/where /why/how 来引导。如：Do you know where we can stay on the island?I dont know why Jane was late for school this morning.二、注意正确使用语序 在含有宾语从句的复合句中，宾语从句都要使用陈述语序，即：引导 词+主语+谓语+其它，还要注意原来的助动词或情态动词要符合相关的时 态。如：When did the t
3、rain leave? I want to know. I want to know when the train left.Does the shop close at six every day? Do you know?Do you know if/whether the shop closes at six every day?三、注意正确使用时态1. 如果主句的时态是一般现在时或一般将来时，从句的时态则根据具 体情况或具体意义来确定。如： I dont know when he came back. Do you know where they will go this summer
4、 holiday? He is worried about whether he has passed the English exam. Please tell us what we should do next, OK? Will you please tell me how I can get to the post office?2. 如果主句的时态是一般过去时，从句的时态则相应地使用一般过去 时/过去将来时/过去完成时/过去进行时等。如： He said that he didnt find your lost pen. My parents told me that they wo
5、uld go to Beijing. The policeman asked him what he was doing at midnight yesterday. I told you yesterday that I had returned your book. Why do you ask for it again?3. 如果宾语从句所叙述的是客观真理、自然现象、名言警句或谚语等， 不管主句是什么时态，从句都用原时态。如： Our geography teacher told us that the earth goes around the sun. When I was youn
6、g, my father often told me that knowledge is power （力量）.四、注意否定提前当主句的谓语动词为 think, believe, suppose 等动词时，且主语为第一 人称，从句的否定提前。如：I dont believe he is a doctor, is he?五、注意复合结构在 find, make, think 等一些可带有复合宾语的动词后，为保持句子平 衡，常将实际宾语（主要是that引导的从句）后置，而使用形式宾语it。 如：I think it important that we should learn English we
7、ll.whether & ifwhether 与 if 都是在宾语从句（从句为一般疑问句）中使用,一般译 为是否。如：He asked if/whether they needed some help. 他问他们是否需要帮忙。但 if 通常用于口语中， whether 则多用于书面语。那现在讲讲他们的 特殊用法：A. 与or not连用时只能用whether。如：Ill be happy whether or not I get the job. 不管我能不能得到那份工作 我都一样高兴。I wonder whether Ill catch the last bus （or not ）. 我想知
8、道是否能赶上 末班的公共汽车。Whether it rains or not, Im going to Beijing tomorrow. 无论是否下雨， 我明天一定要去北京。B. whether 引导主语从句、表语从句或同位语从句。如：Whether he is right or wrong is still a question. 他是对是错仍是一个问 题。What we want to know is whether his answer is right. 我想知道的是他 的答案是否正确。The question whether the manager should resign mu
9、st be decided soon. 经理应不应该辞职的问题应迅速决定。C. whether 能与不定式连用。如：I dont know whether to accept or refuse. 我不知道应接受还是拒绝。I havent decided whether to go or not. 我还没决定去还是不去。 D. whether 能引导介词后的宾语从句。如：Im thinking about whether I should go swimming. 我正在思考我是否 应该去游泳。It depends on whether he can come here in time. 这取
10、决于他是否能及 时来这儿。E. 在动词discuss之后只能用whethero如：We discussed whether we should close the shop. 我们讨论了是否应该 把店铺关掉。F. 引导否定的宾语从句，一般用if,不用whether。如：He asks me if I didnt finish my homework.他问我是不是没完成家庭作业。宾语从句的简化英语中含宾语从句的复合句可转化为简单句，意思不变。下面介绍 几种常见的简化宾语从句的用法：一. 改为不定式1. 改为V+不定式短语。当主语谓语动词是hope, agree, choose, wish, de
11、cide， promise （许诺）等动词时，且主句和从句的主语相同， 可进行这种 转换。它们既可接宾语从句， 又可接动词不定式短语。例如：He hopes that he will be back very soon. f He hopes to be back very soon. 他希望能很快回来。2. 改为疑问词 + 不定式结构。当主句谓语动词是ask, tell, forget, remember等动词时，宾语从句可 转化成疑问词 + 不定式结构。 例如：Could you tell me how I can get to the station? f Could you tell
12、me how to get to the station? 你能告诉我到车站怎么走吗？She has forgotten how she can open the door. f She has forgotten how to open the door. 他已经忘记如何打开那扇门了。3. 改为it +形容词+不定式短语。例如：I found that it was difficult to learn English well. f I found it difficult to learn English well. 我发现学好英语是困难的。二. 改为宾语 + V-ing 形式（作宾补）
13、。例如：The girl found that there was a watch lying on the ground. f The girl found a watch lying on the ground. 那姑娘发现地上有块手表。三. 改为名词或名词短语。 例如：Ill take back what I said. f Ill take back my words.我将收回我的话。 Could you tell us how we can get to the museum? f Could you tell us the way to the museum? 你能告诉我去博物馆的
14、路吗？The poor boy doesnt know when and where he was born. f The poor boy doesnt know the time and the place of his birth. 这个可怜的孩子不知道 他出生于何时何地。四 改为 V-ing 形式。例如：I remember that I have told her the truth. f I remember telling her the truth. 我记得我把真相告诉了她。I forget I have closed the window. f I forget c losi
15、ng the window. 我忘 了我已经关过窗户了。五 改为过去分词或过去分词短语。例如：Soon they found that the ground was covered with thick snow. f Soon they found the ground covered with thick snow. 他们很快发现地面被厚雪覆 盖了。The teacher found that the boy was very interested in maths. f The teacher found the boy very interested in maths. 老师发现这孩子对数学很感 兴趣。宾语从句记忆口诀:学习宾从三注意，时态语序和连词。 时态主从要呼应：主句若为现在时，从句时态随句意； 主句若为过去时，从句时态变过去； 宾从若是表真理，时态不变无质疑。 语序要用陈述序，切莫照搬疑问句。 That 连接陈述句，省与不省要注意。从句若表是否时，if/whether要慎记。特殊问句作宾语，仍用原来疑问词。 三个问题需记牢，切莫丢东忘了西。宾语从句专项训练A）根据上句意思。将下句改写成宾语从句。使上下两句意思一致。，1. “Are you staying here all summer?” the little
