《局部解剖学名词解释(全英文)》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《局部解剖学名词解释(全英文)（8页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、1. Danger triangle of face:a triangle area bounded by the bilateral side of the nose and the upper lip, the facia vein pass through, it has no vavles, makes clinically important connection with the cavernous sinus through the superior ophthalmic vein and through the pterygoid venous plexus via the d
2、eep facia vein, infection of the facia vein can spread to the dural venous sinuses(硬脑膜窦) 2. Infratemporal fossa: a fossa in the deep part of lateral face bounded by the infratemporal surface of sphenoid bone superiorly, posterior surface of maxilla anteriorly, external plate of sphenoid bone mediall
3、y and the ramus of mandible laterally, its main contents are lateral and medial pterygoid muscle, maxillay vessels and pterygoid venous plexus and the branches of mandibular nerve3. Pterygoid venous plexus: located in the infratemporal fossa around th maxillary artery and between the lateral and med
4、ial pterygoid, its tributaries correspond to the branches of the maxillary artery and communicate with both intracranial and extracranial veins4. SCALP: covers the vertex of the skull and extends between the right and left temporal line,and from the eyebrow to the superior nuchal line(上项线), it conta
5、ins of five layers, the skin, the superficia fascia, the epicranial aponeurosis, the subaponeurosis loose connective tissue, the pericranium5. Cavernous sinus: placed on each side of the sella turcica(蝶鞍), and extends from the superior orbital fissure(眶上裂) in front, to the apex of the petrous part(岩
6、部) of temporal bone behind, the internal carotid artery and abducent nerve pass through while th oculomotor and trochlear nerves and the ophthalmic and the maxillary nerve of the trigeminal nerve are embeded in the lateral wall of the sinus6. Investing fascia: the superficia fascia of the cervical f
7、ascia, it is tube shaped and ensheath the neck as a whole, it divide into two layers to enclose the sternocleidomastoid, trapezius, the submandibular gland and parotid gland as well as th infrahyoid muscles, it forms two spaces the suprasternal space and submandibular space7. Pretracheal space: a po
8、tential space in front of the trachea and bebind the infrahyoid muscles and pretracheal fascia, the pretracheal lymph nodes, inferior thyroid vein, unpaired thyroid venous plexus, arteria thyroidea ima, brachiocephalic trunk and left brachiocephalic vein in this space8. Pervertebral space: space bet
9、ween the prevertebral fascia and the cervical vertabral column 9. Ansa cervicalis: the upper root is formed by the hypoglossal nerve and the lower root is formed by the anterior branches of the 2nd and 3rd cervical nerves, they units together on the common carotid at the level of the lower border of
10、 the larynx, it innervate the sternohyoid and sternothyroid10. Carotid sheath: encloses the common and internal carotid arteries, the internal jugular vein and the vagus nerve, it extends from the base of the skull to the root of the neck, and connects with the enveloping fascia and the prevertebral
11、 fascia by loose connective tissue11. Carotid triangle:bounded by the inferior belly of omohyoid, the upper part of the sternocleidomastoid and the posterior belly of the digastric muscle, it contains internal jugular vein, the common carotid artery, hypoglossal nerve and vagus nerve12. Muscular tri
12、angle: bounded by the superior belly of omohyoid, the lower part of the sternocleidomastoid and the middle line of the anterior neck, it contains the infrahyoid muscles and the pretracheal fascia, the thyroid gland, the cervical parts of esophagus and trachea13. Scalene fissure: bounded by the scale
13、ne anterior, scalene medius and the 1st rib, the brachial plexus and subclavian vessel pass through14. Triangle of vertebral artery: bounded by the longus colli muscles(颈长肌), scalenus anterior and the first part of the subclavian artery, it contains the vertebral artery and vein, the inferior thyroi
14、d artery, the cervical sympathetic trunk and the cervicothoracic sympathetic ganglion15. Sternal angle: the transverse ridge on the anterior surface of sternum at the junction of the manubrium with the body of the sternum, it forms a palpable landmark for the second costal cartilage and rib16. Arter
15、ial duct triangle: encircled by the left pulmonary artery inferiorly, left phrenic nerve anteriorly and left vagus nerve posteriorly, it contains left recurrent pharyngeal nerve, the arterial ligament and the superficia cardiac plexus17. Costodiaphragmatic recesses: the largest pleural recess formed
16、 by the reflection of the costal and the diaphragmatic pleurae, it is the lowest part of the pleural cavity18. Pulmonary ligament: the double layer mediastinum passes laterally from the esophagus to the lung, where it is continous with the visceral pleura19. Clavipectoral fascia: a strong fibrous sheet posterior to the pectoralis major, it occupies the interval between the pectoralis minor and the clavicle, and is pierced by the cephalic vein, thoracoacromial
