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1、南京工程学院期末考查报告书书成绩电气工程专业外外语B 院（系、部、中中心） 电力工程学学院 专 业 电气工程及及其自动化 班 级 电气071 学 生 姓 名名 褚楚 学 号 2060770819 任 课 教 师师 朱建建忠 2010年 77月 南 京 考查要求：1、 对已学的课程内内容进行总结结, 节选4篇课题作为为报告的主题题。2、 通过文献的搜索索（可借鉴Googlle、Yahoo和电子图书书馆的外文期期刊），查找找数篇与课程相相关的资料（一一定是经过选选择后的文献献，要最好的的）。3、 通过已经掌握的的专业词汇和和课题背景对对已查找的文献进进行精心分析析，分析角度度可从词汇、语语法和课题
2、背背景等。4、 对文献进行通篇篇翻译，翻译译最好可直译译，遇拗口的的语句可选择择意译。5、 翻译后从文中选选出关键字。6、 总结翻译成果，写写下中心思想想。7、 考查报告总结（语语句需简洁）。Page1. The PProducction of Ellectriical EEnergyy(电能生产)1.Engliish teestFrom reeferennce 1In largge steeam poower pplantss, the tthermaal eneergy sstoredd in ssteam is coonvertted innto woork byy meanns of
3、turbiines. A turrbine consiists eessenttiallyy of aa shafft or rotorr fixeed in beariings aand enncloseed in a cyllindriical ccasingg. The rrotor is maade too turnn smooothly by meeans oof jetts of steamm fromm nozzzles aaroundd the peripphery of thhe turrbine cylinnder. Thesee steaam jetts strrike
4、bbladess attaached to thhe shaftt. Cenntral powerr stattions emplooy conndensiing tuurbinees in whichh the steamm passses innto a condeenser afterr leavving tthe tuurbinee. Condeensatiion iss effeected by thhe cirrculattion oof larrge quuantitties oof colld watter thhroughh the tubess of tthe coonde
5、nsser, tthus iincreaasing the eexpanssion rratio of thhe steeam annd thee conssequennt effficienncy annd worrk outtput oof thee turbbine. the tturbinnes arre connnecteed dirrectlyy to llarge electtricitty genneratoors.In turbbines the aactionn of tthe stteam iis kinnetic. Theree is pprogreessivee ex
6、paansionn of tthe stteam ffrom tthe hiigh prressurre andd relaativelly smaall voolume at whhich iit entters tthe tuurbinee to tthe loow preessuree and relattivelyy veryy greaat vollume aat whiich itt leavves.Steam iis madde by heatiing waater iin a bboilerr. The uusual boileer hass a fuurnacee in ww
7、hich fuel is buurned and tthe heeat giiven ooff duuring combuustionn is cconduccted tthrouggh thee metaal wallls off the boileer to generrate ssteam at a presssure wwithinn the boileer vesssel .In nuuclearr plannts, steamm is ggeneraated wwith tthe aiid of a reaator iin whiich thhe conntrollled fiis
8、sionn of uuraniuum or plutoonium suppllies tthe neecessaary heeat foor thee vapoorizattion oof watter. Thus the rreatorr repllaces the ssteam generrator of coonventtionall plannts.Keywordds：turbiine, steaamFrom reeferennce 2Up untiil noww we hhave bbeen mmainlyy conccernedd withh miniimizinng thee c
9、ostt of ooperatting aa poweer sysstem. An oveerridiing faactor in thhe opeeratioon of a powwer syystem is thhe dessire tto maiintainn systtem seecuritty. Syystem securrity iinvolvves prracticces deesigneed to keep the ssystemm operratingg whenn compponentts faiil. For eexamplle, a genneratiing unnti
10、l mmay haave too be ttaken off-lline bbecausse of auxilliary equippment failuure. By maaintaiining propeer amoounts of sppinninng resserve, the rremainning uunits on thhe sysstem ccan maake upp the deficcit wiithoutt too low aa freqquencyy dropp or nneed tto sheed anyy loadd. Simillarly, a trransmii
11、ssionn linee may be daamagedd by aa storrm andd takeen outt by aautomaatic rrelayiing. IIf in commiittingg and dispaatchinng genneratiion prroper regarrd forr trannsmisssion fflows is maaintaiined, the rremainning ttransmmissioon linnes caan takke thee incrreasedd loadding aand sttill rremainn withh
12、in liimit. Becauuse thhe speecificc timees at whichh inittiatinng eveents tthat ccause compoonentss to ffail aare unnprediictablle thee systtem muust bee operrated at alll timmes inn suchh a waay thaat thee systtem wiill noot be left in daangeroous coonditiion shhould any ccredibble innitiatting eev
13、ent occurr. Sincee poweer sysstem eequipmment iis dessignedd to bbe opeeratedd withhin ceertainn limiits, most piecees of equippment are pproteccted bby auttomatiic devvices that can ccause equippment to bee swittched out oof thee systtem iff thesse limmits aare viiolateed. Iff any eventt occuurs on
14、n a syystem that leavees it operaating with limitts vioolatedd, thee evennt mayy be ffollowwed byy a seeries of fuurtherr actiions tthat sswitchh otheer equuipmennt outt of sservicce. This is ussuallyy refeerred to ass a syystem blackkout.Keywordds：powerr systtem, ssecuriityFrom reeferennce 3System
15、monittoringg provvides the ooperattors oof thee poweer sysstem wwith ppertinnent uup-to-date inforrmatioon on the ccondittions on thhe powwer syystem .Geneerallyy speaaking it iss the most imporrtant functtion oof thee threee. From the ttime tthat uutilitties wwent bbeyondd systtems oof onee unitt suppplyingg a grroup oof loaads, effecctive operaation of thhe sysstem rrequirred thhat crriticaal quaantitiies bee meassured and tthe vaalues of thhe meaasure
