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1、词汇专题一词语辨析一、名词辨析1.approach, mannner, means, method&wayapproach指处理问题的方法,后接介词to；manner 指独特的方式或方法,有时也指某人特有的态度、举止或处事方式常与介词in搭配,可构成短语in a(n)manner；means 指采用整套的方式或者使用某些工具、材料等,后接介词of, 构成短语by means of；method 指有一套理论和系统指导酌方法,强调其条理性、高效性,后接介词offor；way 既指具体的方法,也指抽象的方法,后接介词of或不定式符to；可构成短语in thisthat way等。【实战练习】(1)
2、At the meeting they discussed three different _to the study of mathematicsAapproaches Bmanners Cmeans Dmethod(2)Ive tried very hard to improve my EnglishBut by no_is the teacher satisfied with my progress. Aapproach Bmanner Cmeans D.method(3)All the students hold that teaching_ (means,method,way) th
3、at has been employed is effective2.energy, strength, power&forceenergy 主要指人的精力或自然界的能量、能源：strength 指人的力气或物体的强度,也指强项、优点；power 主要指做一件事所依靠的能力能量,人或机器等事物的潜在的或所能发挥出来的力量、职权或权力； force 主要指自然界的力量或暴力、武力、势力等。【实战练习】 (4)To regain their_after an exhausting game,the players lay and rested on the grass Aforce B.energ
4、y Cpower Dhealth(5)To make members of a team perform better,the trainer first of all has to know their_and weaknesses Aforce B.energy Cpower Dstrength(6)a_failure停电blabor_劳动力 cair_空军 3.scene, scenery, sight&viewscene 是可数名词,侧重指展现在眼前的景象；scenery 是不可数名词,指一个地区景色的总称；sight 是可数名词,多指人造风景,也指自然风景,既指美好事物,也指可怕的景
5、象；view 多指从某处看到的景色。 【实战练习】 (7)A fine_of the city can be obtained from the top of the TV tower A.sight Bscene Cscenery Dview(8)At the railway station,the mother waved goodbye to her daughter until the rain was out of_ Asight Bscene Cscenery Dview(9)aonat the_现场 bthe fashionpolitical_时尚政治圈 cbirds eye_鸟
6、瞰4.charge, cost, expence,fare, fee&pricecharge 指提供服务时索取的费用,也指货物的价格、价钱；cost 多指生产某东西的成本,或指花费的总数,包括钱、时间、劳动力等,作名词时主要指成本或代价；expense 常指实际支付的费用总额,有时也指钱的花费；farc 侧重指旅行时所付的车、船费等费用；fee 指上学、求医以及找律师等付的费用,还可指会费、借书费等；price 指商品在市场出售的价格,尤指卖方对商品所提出的单价,比喻意义是指付出的代价。【实战练习】(10)One thousand dollars a month is not a fortun
7、e but would help cover my living_ Abills B. expenses C.prices Dcharges(11)aPlease_the room to the companys account. b.The insurance company paid my medical_. c.Air_have shot up 20 % .5.accident, affair, business, event, incident&matteraccident 通常指不幸的意外事故；affair 指事情,事件；其复数形式affairs指重大事务,如国际大事等；busine
8、ss 指有义务去做的事或指业务、生意等；event 指重大活动或具有历史意义的事件；也可指此赛项且、社会活动等；incident 指生活中的小事或重大的历史事件；matter 当“事情”讲,等同于affair；其复数形式可表示当前的事态、状况,如to make matters worse；【实战练习】 (12)Arriving home from school,the boy told his parents all the_that occurred in his dormitory. A.matters B.incidents C.events D.businesses(13)I cant
9、 say which wine is best-its a(n) _of personal taste. A.matter B.event C.business D.incident(14)The next_will be the l00 yards race. A.affair B.accident C.event D.matter6.error, fault, mistake&shortcoming error 表示不合乎既定的标准或不经心产生的错误；fault 常指客观上存在的错误,含某人对某事负有责任的意味；mistake 侧重指由于认识或判断上的失误而犯的行动或认识上的错误； sho
10、rtcoming 意为“缺点,短处”,指未能达到一定标准、未充分发展或未尽到职责。【实战练习】(15)I dont think its my_that the TV blew up.I just turned it on,thats all. A.error B.mistake C.fault D.duty(16)The driver was at_when the accident happened. A.error B.mistake C.shortcoming D.fault(17)a.find_with sb.找碴,挑毛病 b.trial and_不断尝试 c._in safety p
11、rocedures安全隐患7.mark, sign, signal, spot, symbol&symptommark 指为某一目的有意故做的标记,也指无意留下或自然形成的痕迹； sign 指具有一定含义的任何有形或无形的符号、标志,可以是实物、表情、动作、文字,语言以及任何痕迹或征兆；signal 多指信号,指在警告、指挥时给予某种信息的声音、行动或物品；spot 主要指斑点、污点、地点等；symbol 常指用象征煮义的符号；symptom 指医学上的症状、征兆。【实战练习】(18)Many people like white color as it is a_of purity. A.si
12、gn B.symbol C.signal D.symptom(19)a.on the_现场,当场 b.dirty_on the floor地板上的污点 c. _of lifethe times生命迹象时代特征8.custom, habit, hobby, practicetradition custom 指一个群体或一个国家的风俗习惯,常常是指历来如此、代代相传形成的固定风俗；habit 常用于个人习惯性的行为风俗；hobby 指人的爱好,指一个人在正式从事的工作之外最喜欢干的事；practice 指习惯地、约定俗成的工作或行为方式；tradition 指古老的传统、风俗丑惯,与custom同
13、义。【实战练习】(20)Making and eating dumplings on Chinese New Years Eve is a_on northern China. A.habit B.hobby C.practice D.tradition(21)Drinking a glass of milk before going to bed is my usual_. A.custom B.hobby C.practice D.tradition9.case, circumstance, surroundings, environment, condition, situation&statecase 指情况、情形、实例；circumstance 指某种事件或动作
