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1、2022年考博英语-厦门大学考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 单选题High-fructose com syrup is easy for food and beverage makers to use, and has_ the former leading sweetener: sucrose,or ordinary table sugar.问题1选项A.edged outB.edged inC.edged awayD.edged on【答案】A【解析】edge out替代, 挤掉; edge in挤进; edge away缓缓移动; edge on 怂恿,鼓励。句意：高果糖玉米糖浆对
2、食品和饮料生产商来说很容易使用, 而且已经取代了以前重要的增甜剂蔗糖或普通的食糖。选项A符合句意。2. 单选题Certain animal behaviors, such as mating rituals seem to be_, and therefore_external factors such as climate changes, food supply, or the presence of other animals of the same species.问题1选项A.learned.immune toB.innate.unaffected byC.intricate.bel
3、ong toD.specific.confused with【答案】B【解析】learned.immune to学到的 不受感染; innate.unaffected by先天的 不受影响; intricate.belong to复杂的 属于; specific.confused with特定的 混淆。句意：某些动物的行为, 如交配仪式, 似乎是与生俱来的, 因此不受外部因素的影响, 如气候变化, 食物供应, 或其他动物相同物种的存在。选项B符合句意。3. 单选题Don Hambrick,a management professor at Penn States Smeal College o
4、f Business, says Its become much more_and a lot less fun to be an executive or director.问题1选项A.sinkingB.indifferentC.taxingD.slouching【答案】C【解析】sinking沉没; indifferent无关紧要的; taxing繁重的, 费力的; slouching没精打采的, 懒散的。句意：宾夕法尼亚州Smeal大学商学院管理学教授Don Hambrick表示:“做一名主管或总监更费力，也少了许多乐趣。”选项C符合句意。4. 单选题Many agents quit
5、and say they are leaving because they are_and want better pay and more humane working conditions,including less travel.问题1选项A.reverted toB.backed upC.fed upD.thrust in【答案】D【解析】revert to回复, 归还; back up支持, 倒退; feed up供给食物; thrust in闯入；不恰当地插入。句意：许多经纪人辞职后表示，他们之所以离开，是因为他们受到干涉，并且想要更高的报酬和更加人性化的工作环境，包括减少出差旅
6、行。选项D符合句意。5. 单选题Despite much discussion, and efforts by both womens and business groups to break the glass ceiling down, the worlds biggest companies are still almost_run by men.问题1选项A.exceptionallyB.excessivelyC.exclusivelyD.exceedingly【答案】C【解析】exceptionally例外地,异常地; excessively过分地, 极度; exclusively排
7、外地, 专有地; exceedingly非常地, 极度地。句意：尽管女性和商业团体为了打破“玻璃天花板”经过多次讨论并为此付出很多努力，但世界上的大公司仍然几乎完全由男性经营。选项C符合句意。6. 单选题You could refuse to_your Social Security number except for Social Security purposes,which is all that the law requires.问题1选项A.expoundB.divulgeC.apprehendD.unriddle【答案】B【解析】expound详细说明, 解释; divulge泄露
8、, 暴露; apprehend领会, 理解; unriddle阐明。句意：你可以拒绝透露你的社会保险号，除非是出于社会保障的目的，这是法律的规定。选项B符合句意。7. 案例题Most of us tell one two lies a day,according to scientists who study these things. And we rarely get caught,because the lies we tell are usually little ones: I got stuck in traffic. That color looks good on you. I
9、 was just about to call. But even the smallest fib may soon be systematically exposed,at least in the virtual World. Researchers at several universities are developing software that can detect lies in online communications such as instant messages e-mails and chatrooms. The ability to spot digital d
10、eception, as researchers call it,has never been more crucial. Today,much of our business and social life is conducted online, making us increasingly vulnerable. White collar criminals,sexual predators, scammers, identity thieves and even terrorists surf the same Web as the rest of us.Conventional li
11、e detectors look for physiological signs of anxietya bead of sweat or a racing pulse but online systems examine only the liars words. When were looking at language, were looking at the tool of the lie, says Jeff Hancock,an assistant professor of communication and a member of the faculty of computing
12、 and information science at Cornell University.Hancock,who recently received a $680,000 grant from the National Science Foundation to study digital deception, says there is a growing body of evidence that the language of dishonest messages is different than that of honest ones. For example,one study
13、 led by Hancock and due to be published this spring in Discourse Processes found that deceptive e-mail messages contained 28 percent more words on average and used a higher percentage of words associated with negative emotions than did truthful messages. Liars also tend to use fewer first-person ref
14、erences (such as the pronoun I) and more third- person references (such as he and they). This may be the liars subconscious way of distancing himself from his lie.More surprising,Hancock and his colleagues have observed that the targets of liars also exhibit distinctive language patterns. For instan
15、ce,people who are being deceived often use shorter sentences and ask more questions. Even though they may not be aware that they are being lied to,people seem to exhibit subconscious suspicions.To identify the patterns of deceit,Hancock has developed an instant-messaging system at Cornell that asks users to rate the deceptiveness of each message they send. The system has already collected 10,000 messa
