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1、-水的饱和蒸汽压与温度对应表一、水的饱和蒸汽压与温度的关系蒸汽压是一定外界条件下，液体中的液态分子会蒸发为气态分子，同时气态分子也会撞击液面回归液态。这是单组分系统发生的两相变化，一定时间后，即可到达平衡。平衡时，气态分子含量到达最大值，这些气态分子对液体产生的压强称为蒸气压。水的外表就有水蒸气压，当水的蒸气压到达水面上的气体总压的时候，水就沸腾。我们通常看到水烧开，就是在100摄氏度时水的蒸气压等于一个大气压。蒸气压随温度变化而变化，温度越高，蒸气压越大，当然还和液体种类有关。一定的温度下，与同种物质的液态(或固态)处于平衡状态的蒸气所产生的压强叫饱和蒸气压，它随温度升高而增加。如：放在杯子
2、里的水，会因不断蒸发变得愈来愈少。如果把纯水放在一个密闭的容器里，并抽走上方的空气。当水不断蒸发时，水面上方气相的压力，即水的蒸气所具有的压力就不断增加。但是，当温度一定时，气相压力最终将稳定在一个固定的数值上，这时的气相压力称为水在该温度下的饱和蒸气压力。当气相压力的数值到达饱和蒸气压力的数值时，液相的水分子仍然不断地气化，气相的水分子也不断地冷凝成液体，只是由于水的气化速度等于水蒸气的冷凝速度，液体量才没有减少，气体量也没有增加，液体和气体到达平衡状态。所以，液态纯物质蒸气所具有的压力为其饱和蒸气压力时，气液两相即到达了相平衡。饱和蒸气压是物质的一个重要性质，它的大小取决于物质的本性和温度
3、。饱和蒸气压越大，表示该物质越容易挥发。 二、水的饱和蒸汽压与温度对应表水的饱和蒸汽压与温度对应表温度 饱和蒸气压kPa温度 饱和蒸气压kPa温度 饱和蒸气压kPa00.61129125232.012503973.610.65716126239.242514041.220.70605127246.662524109.630.75813128254.252534178.940.81359129262.042544249.150.8726130270.022554320.260.93537131278.22564392.271.0021132286.572574465.181.073133295.
4、15258453991.1482134303.932594613.7101.2281135312.932604689.4111.3129136322.142614766.1121.4027137331.572624843.7131.4979138341.222634922.3141.5988139351.092645001.8151.7056140361.192655082.3161.8185141371.532665163.8171.938142382.112675246.3182.0644143392.922685329.8192.1978144403.982695414.3202.338
5、8145415.292705499.9212.4877146426.852715586.4222.6447147438.672725674.0 232.8104148450.752735762.7242.9850 149463.10 2745852.4253.1690 150475.722755943.1263.3629151488.612766035.0 273.5670 152501.782776127.9283.7818153515.232786221.9294.0078154528.962796317.2304.2455155542.992806413.2314.4953156557.
6、322816510.5324.7578157571.942826608.9335.0335158586.872836708.5345.3229159602.112846809.2355.6267160617.662856911.1365.9453161633.532867014.1376.2795162649.732877118.3386.6298163666.252887223.7396.9969164683.10 2897330.2407.3814165700.292907438.0 417.7840 166717.832917547.0 428.2054167735.70 2927657
7、.2438.6463168753.942937768.6449.1075169772.522947881.3459.5898170791.472957995.24610.094171810.782968110.34710.62172830.472978226.84811.171173850.532988344.54911.745174870.982998463.55012.344175891.80 3008583.85112.97176913.033018705.45213.623177934.643028828.35314.303178956.663038952.65415.01217997
8、9.093049078.25515.7521801001.93059205.15616.5221811025.23069333.45717.3241821048.93079463.15818.15918310733089594.25919.0281841097.53099726.76019.9321851122.53109860.56120.8731861147.93119995.86221.8511871173.8312101336322.8681881200.1313102716423.9251891226.1314104106525.0221901254.2315105516626.16
9、31911281.9316106946727.3471921310.1317108386828.5761931338.8318109846929.8521941368.0 319111317031.1761951397.6320112797132.5491961427.8321114297233.9721971458.5322115817335.4481981489.7323117347436.9781991521.4324118897538.5632001553.6325120467640.2052011568.4326122047741.9052021619.7327123647843.6
10、652031653.6328125257945.4872041688.0 329126888047.3732051722.9330128528149.3242061758.4331130198251.3422071794.5332131878353.4282081831.1333133578455.5852091868.4334135288557.8152101906.2335137018660.1192111944.6336138768762.4992121983.6337140538864.9582132023.2338142328967.4962142063.4339144129070.
11、1172152104.2340145949172.8232162145.7341147789275.6142172187.8342149649378.4942182230.5343151529481.4652192273.8344153429584.5292202317.8345155339687.6882212362.5346157279790.9452222407.8347159229894.3012232453.8348161209997.7592242500.534916320100101.322252547.935016521101104.992262595.935116825102
12、108.772272644.635216932103112.662282694.135317138104116.672292744.235417348105120.792302795.135517561106125.032312846.735617775107129.392322899.0 35717992108133.882332952.135818211109138.50 2343005.935918432110143.242353060.4360186551111148.122363115.736118881112153.132373171.836219110113158.292383288.63
