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1、三、定语从句 在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词，词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。关系副词有：when, where, why等。关系代词、副词作用先行词例句that, who, whom（只做宾语）主语、宾语、表语人Do you know the girl who/ that is wearing a red coat?I dont know the girl who/ that/ whom you are waiting for.that, which
2、主语、宾语、表语物、时间、地点、原因She cant find the pen that/ which I lent to her.The school that/ which we visited is very beautiful.Do you remember the days that/ which we spent together?whose定语人The boy whose mother is a teacher studies very hard. whose定语物The house whose window is open is mine. when状语时间I still re
3、member the day when you came here.where状语地点This is the factory where my father works.why状语原因Do you know the reason why he was late?l 什么是先行词？请分析一下定语从句：( 请划出定语从句，并标出先行词)1. Check the ways you study for an English test. 2. Another thing that I found very difficult was English grammar. 3. You couldnt und
4、erstand people who talked fast. 4. I have some ideas that may help. 5. They said something you didnt like. 6. Can you think of any problems you have had recently?8. He would always take pride in everything good I do. 9. My friends and I talked about the rules that we have in school. 2只用that引导的定语从句（1
5、）先行词是不定代词all, everything, nothing, anything, much, little, few等时。Is there anything (that) you dont know?（2）先行词被all, every, any, no, little, much等修饰时。I want to read all the books that were written by Lu Xun.（3）先行词被序数词及形容词最高级修饰时。This is the second book (that) I borrowed from the school library.（4）先行词被
6、the only, the last, the same修饰时。（当先行词是人时，也可用关系代词who, whom） He is the only person that/ who I know here.（5）当有两个或两个以上分别表示人或物的先行词时。We are talking about the people and the things (that) we have visited in the country.（6）主句以who, what, which开头的特殊疑问句时。Who is the girl that is wearing a red coat?3只用which引导的定
7、语从句 （1）引导非限定性定语从句（主句和从句用逗号分开的）时。The meeting, which was held in our school, was a great success.（2）当关系代词之前有介词时。 This is the house in which I was born.关于that和which引导定语从句的用法区别，请记住下面的顺口溜：that, which可互换，下列情况勿照办。 that情况比较多，先来对你说一说：不定代词这一伙，全用that准没错。 先行词前有修饰，千万不要用which。要用which别着急，介词提前逗隔离。l 关系副词引导定语从句 关系副词的
8、用法 （1）when指时间，其先行词表示时间，在句中作时间状语。例如： This was the time when he arrived.这是他到达的时间。 （2）where指地点，其先行词表示地点，在句中作地点状语。例如： This is place where he works.这是他工作的地点。 （3）why 指原因，其先行词是原因，起原因状语作用。例如： Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school. 没人知道他为什么上学总迟到。 关系副词 关系副词：在句中作状语 关系副词=介词+关系代词 why=for which
9、where=in/ at/ on/ . which (介词同先行词搭配) when=during/ on/ in/ . which (介词同先行词搭配)用适当的关系词填空：1. I still remember the night _I first came to the house.2. Ill never forget the day_ we met each other last week.3. Mr Black is going to Beijing in October, _is the best season there.4. I will never forget the day
10、s _I spent with your family.5. Ill never forget the last day_ we spent together.6. This is the school _I used to study.7. Do you still remember the place_ we visited last week?8. Do you still remember the place_ we visited the painting exhibition?9. Have you ever been to Hangzhou,_is famous for the
11、West Lake?10. Have you ever bee to Hangzhou, _lies the West Lake?11. Tom will go to Shanghai,_live his two brothers.13. There was a time _there were slaves in the USA.14. It is the third time _you have made the same mistake.15. It was in the street _I met John yesterday.16. It was about 600 years ag
12、o_the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made.17. The moment _I saw you, I recognized(认出)you.18. This is the very novel about_weve talked so much.19. This is the way_he did it.20. Who is the student _was late for school today?21. Who _knows him wants to make friends with him?22. What else
13、was there in my brother_you didnt like?23. He lives in the room_window faces to the south.24. He lives in the room, the window_faces to the south.25. This is Mr. John for_son I brought a book yesterday.26. This is Mr. John for_I bought a book yesterday.27. This is the hour_the place is always full o
14、f women and children.28. And there is one point _Id like your advice.29. Winter is the time of year_the days are short and nights are long.30. I hope you will find this valley a beautiful place_you may spend your weekend. 练习题 一、 1. -Do you know the man _is talking with your father？ -Yes， hes our headmaster. A. he B. who C. which D. whom 2. Is this the river _I can swim？ A. which B. in which C. that D. the one 3. This is the best hotel in the city _I know. A. where B. which C. that D. it 4. Can you lend me the dictionary _the other day？ A. that you bought B. yo
