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1、2022年考博英语-燕山大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）1. 单选题This is the Chinese _, translated from English.问题1选项A.publicationB.editorC.printingD.version【答案】D【解析】【试题解析】考查名词辨析。A选项publication“发行，出版物”；B选项editor“（报刊、杂志的）主编”；C选项printing“（书籍的）一次印刷”；D选项version“（电影、剧本、乐曲等的）版本”。句意：这是英文翻译过来的中文_。根据语境，这里指的是这原来是英文的，被翻译成了中文，D选项version“（
2、电影、剧本、乐曲等的）版本”符合题意。因此D选项正确。2. 单选题You had better _ teasing these newcomers, for that will hurt their feeling.问题1选项A.leave offB.leave behindC.leave outD.leave for【答案】A【解析】【试题解析】考查短语辨析。A选项leave off“漏掉；停止”；B选项leave behind“永远离开；留下；落后”；C选项leave out“排除；不考虑”；D选项leave for“出发前往（某地）；把留给（某人）做；把留在（另一时间做）”。句意：你最好
3、_取笑这些新来的人，那样会伤害他们的感情。根据语境，这里指的是不要取笑别人，A选项leave off“停止”符合题意。因此A选项正确。3. 单选题Oceanography has been defined as “The application of all sciences to the study of the sea”.Before the nineteenth century scientists with an interest in the sea were few and far between. Certainly Newton considered some theoreti
4、cal aspects of it in his writings, but he was reluctant to go to sea to further his work.For most people the sea was remote, and with the exception of early intercontinental travelers or others who earned a living from the sea, there was little reason to ask many questions about it, let alone to ask
5、 what lay under the surface. The first time that the question “What is at the bottom of the oceans?” had to be answered with any commercial consequence was when the laying of a telegraph cable from Europe to America was proposed. The engineer had to know the depth profile of the route to estimate th
6、e length of cable that had to be manufactured.It was to Maury of the US Navy that the Atlantic Telegraph Company turned, in 1853, for information on this matter. In the 1840s, Maury had been responsible for encouraging voyages during which soundings were taken to investigate the depths of the North
7、Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. Later, some of his findings aroused much popular interest in his book The Physical Geography of the Sea.The cable was laid, but not until 1866 was the connection made permanent and reliable. At the early attempts, the cable failed and when it was taken out for repairs it
8、 was found to be covered in living growths, a fact which defied contemporary scientific opinion that there was no life in the deeper parts of the sea.Within a few years oceanography was under way. In 1872 Thomson led a scientific expedition, which lasted for four years and brought home thousands of
9、samples from the sea. Their classification and analysis occupied scientists for years and led to a five-volume report, the last volume being published in 1895.1. The passage implies that the telegraph cable was built mainly _.2. It was _ that asked Maury for help in oceanographic studies.3. The aim
10、of voyages Maury encouraged in the 1840s was _.4. “Defied” in the 5th paragraph probably means _.5. This passage is mainly about _.问题1选项A.for business considerationsB.for investigating the depths of the oceansC.for oceanographic studiesD.for military purposes问题2选项A.those who earned a living from the
11、 seaB.the company which proposed to lay an undersea cableC.the American NavyD.some early intercontinental travelers问题3选项A.to estimate the length of cable that was to be madeB.to measure the depths of two oceansC.to make some sound experiments in the oceansD.to collect samples of sea plants and anima
12、ls问题4选项A.“challenged”B.“agreed to”C.“doubted”D.“gave proof to”问题5选项A.the Investigation of ocean depthsB.the early intercontinental communicationsC.the beginnings of oceanographyD.the laying of the first undersea cable【答案】第1题:A第2题:B第3题:B第4题:A第5题:C【解析】1.【试题答案】A【试题解析】推理判断题。根据第三段第二句The first time that t
13、he question “What is at the bottom of the oceans?” had to be answered with any commercial consequence was when the laying of a telegraph cable from Europe to America was proposed.（当提出要铺设一条从欧洲到美洲的海底电报电缆时，出于商业动机，人们第一次不得不尽可能以商业结果为导向来回答“海底是什么？”的问题。），可知铺设电报电缆主要考虑的是商业上带来的利益，根据利益来看是否要铺设，A选项“出于商业考虑”正确，B选项“为
14、了考查海洋的深度”和C选项“用于海洋学研究”错误。D选项“出于军事目的”：文中没有提到。因此A选项正确。2.【试题答案】B【试题解析】事实细节题。根据第四段第一句It was to Maury of the US Navy that the Atlantic Telegraph Company turned, in 1853, for information on this matter.（1853年，大西洋电报公司向美国海军的莫里寻求有关此事的信息。），可知B选项“建议铺设海底电缆的公司”正确。A选项“靠海洋为生的人”，C选项“美国海军”和D选项“一些早期的洲际旅行者”不符合题意。因此B选项
15、正确。3.【试题答案】B【试题解析】事实细节题。根据第四段第二句In the 1840s, Maury had been responsible for encouraging voyages during which soundings were taken to investigate the depths of the North Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.（在19世纪40年代，莫里曾负责推动进行海上航行，以此来勘测北大西洋和太平洋的深度。），可知B选项“测量两个大洋的深度”正确。A选项“估计将要制作的电缆的长度”，C选项“在海洋中做一些声音实验”和D选项“收集海洋植物和动物的样本”不符合题意。因此B选项正确。4.【试题答案】A【试题解析】语义推测题。defied的意思是“违抗；向挑战”。根据文章第五段最后一句At the early attempts, the cable failed and when it was taken out for repairs it was found to be covere
