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1、英文The basic concepts of PLC 可编程控制器(Programmable Controller)是计算机家族中的一员，是为工业控制应用而设计制造的。 PLC (Programmable Controller) is a computer in a family, is designed for industrial control applications manufactured. 早期的可编程控制器称作可编程逻辑控制(Programmable Logic Controller)，简称PLC，它主要用来代替继电器实现逻辑控制。 Early known as progra
2、mmable logic control PLC (Programmable Logic Controller), referred to as PLC, which is mainly used to replace the relay logic control to achieve. 随着技术的开展，这种装置的功能已经大大超过了逻辑控制的范围，因此，今天这种装置称作可编程控制器，简称PC。 As technology advances, the devices functionality has been greatly exceeded the scope of logic contr
3、ol, therefore, today, such a device known as programmable controllers, referred to as PC. 但是为了防止与个人计算机(Personal Computer)的简称混淆，所以将可编程控制器简称PLC。 However, in order to avoid a personal computer (Personal Computer) short confusion, it will be referred to as programmable logic controller PLC. PLC的由来 PLC O
4、rigin 在60年代，汽车生产流水线的自动控制系统根本上都是由继电器控制装置构成的。 In the 60 years, automobile production line automatic control system are basically constituted by a relay control device. 当时汽车的每一次改型都直接导致继电器控制装置的重新设计和安装。 Each time the car was modified relay control devices are a direct result of the re-design and installa
5、tion. 随着生产的开展，汽车型号更新的周期愈来愈短，这样，继电器控制装置就需要经常地重新设计和安装，十分费时，费工，费料，甚至阻碍了更新周期的缩短。 With the development of production, car models update cycle becomes shorter, so that relay control devices often need to re-design and installation is very time-consuming, labor intensive, and costs expected, and even hinde
6、red the shorter update cycle. 为了改变这一现状，美国通用汽车公司在1969年公开招标，要求用新的控制装置取代继电器控制装置，并提出了十项招标指标，即： To change this situation, the U.S. General Motors Corporation in 1969, open tender, asking that the new control device to replace the relay control unit and made a tender 10 indicators, namely: 1. 编程方便，现场可修改程序
7、； 1. Programming convenience, the site can modify the program; 2. 维修方便，采用模块化结构； 2. Easy maintenance, modular structure; 3. 可靠性高于继电器控制装置； 3. Reliability is higher than relay control device; 4. 体积小于继电器控制装置； 4. Smaller than relay control device; 5. 数据可直接送入管理计算机； 5. Data can be directly sent to the mana
8、gement computer; 6. 本钱可与继电器控制装置竞争； 6. Costs can be competitive with the relay control device; 7. 输入可以是交流115V； 7. Input can be AC 115V; 8. 输出为交流115V，2A以上，能直接驱动电磁阀，接触器等； 8. Output AC 115V, 2A above, can directly drive solenoids, contactors, etc.; 9. 在扩展时，原系统只要很小变更； 9. In the expansion, the original sy
9、stem as long as the small change; 10. 用户程序存储器容量至少能扩展到4K。 10. User program memory capacity can be expanded to at least 4K. 1969年，美国数字设备公司(DEC)研制出第一台PLC，在美国通用汽车自动装配线上试用，获得了成功。 In 1969, the U.S. Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) developed the first PLC, General Motors auto assembly line in the United
10、 States on trial, was a success. 这种新型的工业控制装置以其简单易懂，操作方便，可靠性高，通用灵活，体积小，使用寿命长等，到1971年，已经成功地应用于食品，饮料，冶金，造纸等工业。 This new type of industrial control equipment for its straightforward, easy operation, high reliability, universal and flexible, small size, long life and so on, to 1971, has been successfully
11、 applied to food, beverage, metallurgy, paper and other industrial . 这一新型工业控制装置的出现，也受到了世界其他国家的高度重视。 The emergence of new industrial control devices, but also by the rest of the worlds attention. 1971日本从美国引进了这项新技术，很快研制出了日本第一台PLC。 1971, Japan imported from the United States this new technology, and so
12、on developed a Japans first PLC. 1973年，西欧国家也研制出它们的第一台PLC。 In 1973, Western European countries have also developed their first PLC. 我国从1974年开始研制。 Chinas development since 1974. 于1977年开始工业应用。 In industrial applications since 1977. PLC的定义 PLC Definition PLC问世以来，尽管时间不长，但开展迅速。 PLCs inception, although ti
13、me is not long, but developing rapidly. 为了使其生产和开展标准化，美国电气制造商协会NEMA(National Electrical Manufactory Association) 经过四年的调查工作，于1984年首先将其正式命名PC(ProgrammableController),并给PC作了如下定义： “PC是一个数字式的电子装置，它使用了可编程序的记忆体储存指令。用来执行诸如逻辑，顺序，计时，计数与演算等功能，并通过数字或类似的输入/输出模块，以控制各种机械或工作程序。一部数字电子计算机假设是从事执行PC之功能着，亦被视为PC，但不包括鼓式或类似
14、的机械式顺序控制器。以后国际电工委员会(IEC)又先后公布了PLC标准的草案第一稿，第二稿,并在1987年2月通过了对它的定义： “可编程控制器是一种数字运算操作的电子系统，专为在工业环境应用而设计的。它采用一类可编程的存储器，用于其内部存储程序，执行逻辑运算,顺序控制，定时，计数与算术操作等面向用户的指令，并通过数字或模拟式输入/输出控制各种类型的机械或生产过程。可编程控制器及其有关外部设备，都按易于与工业控制系统联成一个整体，易于扩充其功能的原那么设计。总之，可编程控制器是一台计算机，它是专为工业环境应用而设计制造的计算机。 In order to make the production
15、and development of standardized, the United States National Electrical Manufacturers Association NEMA (National Electrical Manufactory Association) After four years of investigation, in 1984, officially named its first PC (ProgrammableController), and to the PC made the following definition: PC is a
16、 digital electronic device, which uses a programmable memory store instructions. used to perform, such as logic, sequence, timing, counting and calculus and other functions, and digital or similar input / output module to control the various kinds of machinery or work procedures. a digital electronic computer if the function involved in the implementation of the PC, is regarded as PC, but does not include drum or similar mechanical sequence controller.
