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1、2022年考博英语-西南科技大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）1. 翻译题Translate the following text into Chinese. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.An American study played people recordings of actors delivering speeches about climate change. The version that people responded to the best talked about “air pollution” rathe
2、r than “climate change” because pollution is something visible that they could relate to, with strong connotations of dirtiness and poor health. Climate change is about much more than just dirty air, but finding ways of making climate change more visible is critical. People simply dont worry about t
3、hings they cant see (or even imagine). One approach that has been used to increase the amount that people use public transport breaks down habits into simple “ifthen” plans. To change a habitual behavior, a person has to identify a goal (drive less, for example), a behavior they want to perform in p
4、ursuit of that goal (get the bus to work on Fridays) and a situation that will trigger the behavior (having enough time to catch the bus).【答案】一个美国研究向人们播放演员在做天气转变演讲的录音。人们反应最好的版本谈论的是“空气污染”而不是“气候变化”因为污染是和他们有关的，可以看见的脏乱和对健康的不良影响。气候变化不仅仅是空气污染的问题，但找到让气候变化更加有形的方法是至关重要的。人们只是不担心他们看不见（甚至想象不到）的事情。一种增加人们使用公共交通工具
5、数量的方法是把习惯分解成简单的“如果那么”计划。为了改变一种习惯性行为，一个人必须确定一个目标（比如少开车），一种他们为了追求这个目标想要做的行为（周五坐公共汽车去上班），以及一种能够触发这种行为的情况（有足够的时间去赶公共汽车）。2. 单选题（ ）dull he may be，he is certainly a very successful top executive.问题1选项A.AlthoughB.WhateverC.AsD.However【答案】D【解析】考查句子结构。A、B、C、D四个选项中，后面可以直接修饰形容词的只有D选项however。A选项although“尽管，虽然”，作
6、为连词可以引导让步状语从句，后面接句子，应用到这个句子里面应该是：although he may be dull；B选项whatever“不论什么”，后面应该接名词；C选项as“尽管，正如”，作为连词可以引导让步状语从句，后面接句子，应用到这个句子里面应该是：dull as he may be；句意：无论他多么迟钝，他都是一名当之无愧的成功高层主管人员。综上所述，本题的正确答案是D选项。3. 单选题Wild Bill Donovan would have loved the Internet. The American spymaster who built the Office of Str
7、ategic Services in World War II and later laid the roots for the CTA was fascinated with information. Donovan believed in using whatever tools came to hand in the “great game” of espionagespying as a “profession”. These days the Net, which has already re-made such everyday pastimes as buying books a
8、nd sending mail，is reshaping Donovans vocation as well.The latest revolution isnt simply a matter of gentlemen reading other gentlemens e-mail. That kind of electronic spying has been going on for decades. In the past three or four years, the World Wide Web has given birth to a whole industry of poi
9、nt-and-click spying. The spooks call it “open source intelligence,” and as the Net grows, it is becoming increasingly influential. In 1995 the CIA held a contest to see who could compile the most data about Burundi. The winner, by a large margin，was a tiny Virginia company called Open-Source Solutio
10、ns, whose clear advantage was its mastery of the electronic world.Among the firms making the biggest splash in the new world is Straitford, Inc., a private intelligence-analysis firm based in Austin, Texas. Straitford makes money by selling the results of spying (covering nations from Chile to Russi
11、a) to corporations like energy-services firm McDermott International. Many of its predictions are available online at www. S.Straiford president George Friedman says he sees the online world as a kind of mutually reinforcing tool for both information collection and distribution，a spymasters dream. L
12、ast week his firm was busy vacuuming up data bits from the far corners of the world and predicting a crisis in Ukraine. “As soon as that report runs, well suddenly get 500 new internet sign-ups from Ukraine，” says Friedman, a former political science professor. “And well hear back from some of them.
13、” Open-source spying does have its risks, of course, since it can be difficult to tell good information from back. Thats where Straitford earns its keep.Friedman relies on a lean staff of 20 in Austin. Several of his staff members have military-intelligence backgrounds. He sees the firms outsider st
14、atus as the key to its success- Straitfords briefs dont sound like the usual Washington back-and-forthing, whereby agencies avoid dramatic declarations on the chance they might, be wrong. Straitford, says Friedman, takes pride in its independent voice.1. The emergence of the Net has（ ）.2. Donovans s
15、tory is mentioned in the text to（ ）.3. The phrase “making the biggest splash” most probably means（ ）.4. It can be learned from Paragraph 4 that（ ）.5. Straitford is most proud of its（ ）.问题1选项A.received support from fans like DonovanB.remolded the intelligence servicesC.restored many common pastimesD.revived spying as a profession问题2选项A.introduce the topic of online spyingB.show how he fought for the USC.give an episode of the information warD.honor his unique services to the CIA问题3选项A.causing the biggest troubleB.exerting the greatest effortC.achieving the greatest successD.enjoying the wid
