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1、2022年考博英语-首都师范大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（附答案带详解）1. 翻译题There are 2 short passages in this part. Passage A is for you to translate from English to Chinese and passage B is from Chinese to English.Passage ACustom has not commonly been regarded as a subject of any great moment. The inner workings of our brains we f
2、eel to be uniquely worthy of investigation, but custom, we have a way of thinking, is behavior at its most commonplace. As a matter of fact, it is the other way around. Traditional custom, taken the world over, is a mass of detailed behavior more astonishing than what any one person can ever evolve
3、in individual actions, no matter how abnormal. Yet that is a rather trivial aspect of the matter. The fact of first-rate importance is the predominant role that custom plays in experience and belief and the very great varieties it may manifest.No man ever looks at the world with pure eyes. Even in h
4、is philosophical probing he cannot go behind certain stereotypes. John Dewey has said that the part played by custom in shaping the behavior of the individual, as against any way in which he can affect traditional custom, is as the proportion of the total vocabulary of the mother tongue against thos
5、e words of his own baby talk.Passage B教育的主要目标之一就是给未来的公民准备好他们在成人社会占有一席之地所需要的一切。当今的成人社会由男人和女人组成，所以男女分开的学校怎么可能为他们的 将来做好恰当的准备呢？男女同校的教育给孩子提供的完全是现实社会的真实缩影。男 孩女孩都有机会互相了解，有机会学着从小在一起生活。在这里，他们可以在学习能力、 体育运动成绩和许多课外活动方面进行相互比较，这些都是学校生活的一部分。【答案】风俗一般不被认为是什么重要的课题。我们认为我们大脑的内部活动特别值得研究。但对于传统风俗，我们却觉得那不过是最平常的行为而已。但事实恰恰相反
6、。全世界的风俗习惯是很多具体行为的集合，这些具体行为不管有多不正常，也比任何个体行为令人惊讶。这只是问题的次要方面。最重要的是，风俗习惯在人们的经验及信仰上扮演的重要角色以及它所体现的多样性。没有人能以纯净的眼睛看待世界。即使在哲学探索中，他也没有彻底抛弃成见。约翰杜威曾经说过，风俗对于个体行为的塑造之于个体对风俗的影响，正如一个人的母语词汇与他的咿呀学语一样。A major goal of education is to prepare everything they need for future citizens to their place in adult society. Toda
7、ys adult community is composed of men and women, so, how can schools separate men and women to make appropriate preparations for their future? What co-educational education provided to children is completely true microcosm of the real world. They have the opportunity to have mutual understanding and
8、 learn to live together. Here, they can compare with each other in learning abilities, sports performance and many extra-curricular activities and all of these are parts of school life.2. 单选题Recently a number of cases have been reported of young children （ ）a violent act previously seen on televisio
9、n.问题1选项A.modifyingB.duplicatingC.acceleratingD.stimulating【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。modify “修改，更正”；duplicate “复制”；accelerate“使加快”； stimulate“刺激，鼓舞”。句意：最近，媒体对儿童模仿电视上的暴力行为事件进行了大量报道。B项符合句意，答案B3. 单选题A healthy diet includes lots of （ ）natural food with plenty of proteins and vitamins.问题1选项A.indigestibleB.wholesome
10、C.leftoverD.heavy【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析。indigestible 难消化的；wholesome益于健康的；leftover剩余的，残留物。句意：健康的饮食包含许多益于健康的纯天然食物，这些食物含有丰富的蛋白质和维生素。根据healthy diet可知空格处应填B，答案B4. 单选题“（ ）are visitors allowed to feed the animals. The warning can be seen on the signboard in from every cage.问题1选项A.In any timeB.In no timeC.On no a
11、ccountD.On any account【答案】C【解析】考查词组辨析。in any time 在任何时候；in no time 立刻；on no account 绝不；on any account任何情况下。句意：“决不允许游客给动物喂食”，每一个笼子前面都可以看到这种警示语。C项符合句意，答案C5. 单选题I would never have （ ）a court of law if I hadnt been so desperate.问题1选项A.sought forB.accounted forC.turned upD.resorted to【答案】D【解析】考查动词辨析。seek
12、 for“寻求，追求”；account for“对做出解释”；turn up “出现，发生”；resort to “依靠，求助于，诉诸”。句意：如果我没到如此绝望的地步，我是不会诉诸法律的。根据前后句意可知D项符合，答案D6. 单选题Jack （ ）the problem in his mind for two days before he did something about it.问题1选项A.turned outB.turned toC.turned onD.turned over【答案】D【解析】考查动词词组辨析。turned out 结果是； turned to 转向，求助于；tu
13、rned on 打开；turn over 仔细考虑。句意：杰克在采取行动之前，关于这个问题，他在脑海中仔细考虑了两天。D项符合句意，答案D7. 单选题Why in an age of technology, should so many people still cling to an ancient belief? In part it must be because astrology （占星术）claims to tell us something about ourselves, and all of us are interested in ourselves. I think it
14、 is because astrology is presented as if it were a science by its modern practitioner, and many people are misled by this.In fact，astrology was never a science. It was not a hypothesis or theory developed to describe natural phenomena, and until fairly recent times, there was no attempt to test or v
15、erify its predictions. Astrology began approximately three thousand years ago in Babylonia, it was applied to monarchs and kingdoms, but not to individuals. It spread in the 6th century BC as Far as India, where it flourishes today. The Egyptians, meanwhile, developed their own kind of astrology. But the astrology now practiced in Europe and America is that developed by the Greeks, who synthesized the ideas of Babylonians and Egyptians and enriched them with concepts from their own fertile imaginations. The Greeks
