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1、2022年考博英语-西北农林科技大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）1. 填空题English as an official language has gained momentum as proponents keep going to the ballot box with measures that discourage bilingual ballots, notices and documents. Thirty stales now have （1） specifying that official government communications be in English,
2、 says U.S. English, a group （2） promotes the laws. This year such bills are under（3）in 19 legislatures. Its multiplying tremendously, says Mauro Mujica, a Chilean immigrant and chairman and CEO of U.S. English. Weve made（4）progress.Critics do not see progress. Some say the increase in the measures n
3、ationwide sends a hostile（5）to newcomers. It just poisons the atmosphere in local communities, says John Trasvina, （6）and general counsel of the Mexican American Legal Defense and Educational Fund. Typically the proposed laws（7）that documents, ballots and other communications be published in English
4、. Exemptions are communications to protect（8）health and safety or efforts to promote tourism.Advocates say they are not suggesting that English be the only language（9）but that it be the only language used in dealing with government. Mujica, who speaks Spanish in his home, says requiring English for
5、official business encourages,（10）to learn English. That will help them to assimilate（11）U.S. society and prosper in its economy, he says. Were making it too easy for people to function in other languages, he complains.But the effectiveness of the movement is in question since federal sometimes trump
6、s a states official English law. For（12）, the Voting Rights Act requires certain localities to publish bilingual ballots. “Theyve raised the level of anger（13） languages other than English, (but) havent really changed the governments or businesses way of doing（14），”Trasvina said. Rob Toonkel, spokes
7、man for U.S. English, says that is not true. He says the laws do not cover everything（15）ensure that things like drivers licenses, zoning forms and the day-to-day activities are overwhelmingly in English.【答案】1.laws2.that3.consideration4.huge5.message6.president7.require8.public9.spoken10.immigrants1
8、1.into12.instance13.against14.business15.but【解析】1.通过分析句子结构，此处应填入名词。结合本句翻译：目前三十个州规定英语为政府官方语言。因此推断出所填入的名词是laws，标示法律规定2.通过分析句子结构可知：“a group promotes the laws”这部分为U.S. English的同位语，其中“ promotes the laws”为定语从句修饰a group，故此处需填入引导词that。3.固定搭配。under consideration “在考虑之中的”。4.联系上文含义。上文中 “Its multiplying tremend
9、ously”的中文含义为：其正以惊人的速度成倍增加。推断出所填入的词为huge。5.固定搭配。send a message to“向传递信息”。6.通过分析句子结构可知26 and general counsel of the Mexican American Legal Defense and Educational Fund为John Trasvina的同位语。general counsel意为总顾问，由此可以推断出此处也应填入表示职位的名词。因此答案为president。7.分析句子Typically the proposed laws _ that documents, ballots
10、 and other communications be published in English.得出这里是虚拟语气在名词从句中的应用：“be published in English”在此处省略了should。由此可以推断所填入的词是一个表示 “命令、要求、建议等语气”的动词，因此答案为require。8.固定搭配。public health and safety 意为公共卫生安全。9.分析句子.that English be the only language but that it be the only language used in dealing with government
11、结构可知：that it be the only language used in dealing with government为宾语从句。因此应填入的词与宾语从句中的used是对应关系，因此填入spoken。10.联系上下文可以推断出此处指的是“鼓励外来移民学习英语”，故所填入的词是 immigrants。11.固定搭配。assimilate into意为“使同化，（使）逐渐混合于（某更大的群体）”。12.固定搭配。For instance “例如”。13.分析句子结构可知：“ 33 languages other than English”做后置定语修饰anger。anger通常与介词
12、against搭配使用，故此处应填入against。14.固定搭配。way of doing business意为“经营方式”。15.句子He says the laws do not cover everything ensure that things like drivers licenses, zoning forms and the day-to-day activities are overwhelmingly in English.的中文翻译为：他说，这些法律并没有涵盖所有内容， 确保了像驾驶执照、分区表和日常活动都是用英语书写的。可知句子缺少表示转折的词，因此填入but。2.
13、单选题When companies do business overseas, they come in contact with people from different cultures. These individuals often speak a different language and have their own particular custom and manners. （1） .For example, in France, business meetings begin promptly at the designated time and everyone is
14、expected to be there. （2） to cool their heels as a means of letting them know the importance of promptness. Unless one is aware of such expected behaviors he may end up insulting the people with whom he hopes to establish trade relations.（3）. For example, if a transaction is conducted with Russia, p
15、ayment may be made in rubles. Of course, this currency is of little value to the American firm. It is, therefore, necessary to convert the foreign currency to American dollars. How much are these Russian rubles worth in terms of dollars? （4）. Thus there is an established rate, although it will often
16、 fluctuate from day to day. For example, the ruble may be worth 0.75 on Monday and 0.72 on Tuesday because of an announced wheat shortage in Russia.A third unique problem is trade barriers. For one reason or another, all countries impose trade barriers on certain goods crossing their borders. （5）. For example, the United States permits strateg
